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Proctor Level2_126

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168 Questions
17 Sets
0 Topics
17 Reviews
Tips for this examiner: Make sure you're ready to answer any question on why you implemented something in that particular way

Student reviews

Sheet response MAD1

Proctor is patient and chill, he will provide lot of time for the coding part. Be thorough with questions asked before by the proctor, sort of repeat; in this sheet; know your code well.
He will provide honest feedback. All the best

Questions remembered
  1. Show ID Card
  2. Asked to Download the project and run it
  3. Login to admin and show the dashboard
  4. Asked to incorporate so when booking with past date, it will throw a message
  5. Asked to change background color of table
  6. One of the HTML file walkthrough
  7. (what does thead, th and tbody mean)
  8. Models walkthrough
  9. Specific route walkthrough
  10. Theory questions:
  11. Foreign key and should it be unique (Ans: it need not be unique)
  12. encryption vs hashing
  13. what is decorator in python
  14. backref and backpopulate
  15. redirect vs render_template
  16. horizontal and vertical scaling
S MAD1

proctor is patient and lets you think
just go through your code line by line

Questions remembered
  1. LEVEL2
  2. -demo
  3. -asked question while demo about how resumes were getting stored
  4. -what is url_for() and redirect
  5. -add a course option on registeration page and show it is connected to the db
  6. -vector scaling vs standard scaling
  7. -diff between render_templates and redirect
Sheet response MAD1

Very calm & practical, just be thorough with the concepts you used and don't panic

Questions remembered
  1. Project Demo (asked questions in between)
  2. Edit student registration to add course
  3. Show whether column is added in DB
  4. Explain models.py
  5. Explain specific route files
  6. Vertical vs Horizontal scaling
  7. redirect vs render_template
  8. What is jinja templating? Write for loop
  9. How else can we store resume files instead of storing their filenames?
  10. What is FK and is it always unique?
Sheet response MAD1

Just be confident while explaining whatever he asked you, proctor was so calm and neutral, go well through each line of you code

Questions remembered
  1. The proctor asked to first show the demo
  2. Then to make some code changes(asked to add course field inside student registration form)
  3. Then asked to explain all models and search function of admin dashboard
  4. Then the theory question:-
  5. What is horizontal and vertical loading, redirect vs render_template, can foreign key be a primary key and in which condition it could be a primary key, template inheritance, etc
  6. Asked to explain register HTML files and in between he popped many question (eg:- what is the use of this line)
  7. How we can add loops in jinja
noora MAD1

proctor is friendly and patient. if u get him just focus on the ques present in the sheet already becuz almost all of the ques are repeated. i booked for 9-10pm slot and my viva lasted around 30 mins

Questions remembered
  1. viva2:
  2. asked me to show the demo
  3. while i was explaining he asked a lot of theory ques, and mostly he asks repeated ques. i focused on the ques present in this this sheet for my preparation and almost all the ques matched
  4. asked to explain admin search functionality
  5. asked to explain admin dashboard template
  6. to close the flash mssgs i used a bit of JS, so he asked ab that. i didnt know what to say cuz i literally took it from google. and he said ok no issues just explain ab what it does so i did that
  7. back populate vs backref
  8. render template vs redirect
  9. asked me to explain models.py and all the relationships. he is very patient cuz in a hurry i accidentally said many-to-many relationship and he backtracked on that and asked me to explain and then i apologised and explained how it was actually one-to-many
  10. for code changes he asked to set an age limit such that patients under the age of 18 cant register (lol i saw this in the sheet b4 too)
  11. asked me to explain admin functionality and then he asked me to write a raw sql query in notepad for the same
  12. he also asked me to provide slots as a doctor, told me to provide 2 slots at the exact same time and date.
Priyadarshini Negi MAD1

Be calm, don’t fumble over your words, and if you don’t know something, calmly say, “Sorry, I don’t know.”
Make sure you know the logic of all the functions and can explain it articulately.

Questions remembered
  1. General checks (ID, GitHub, etc.)
  2. Difference between url_for and render_template.
  3. How to ensure a one-to-one relationship.
  4. Code change:
  5. -Add an age field while registering a patient
  6. -Ensure users below 25 years are not allowed to register
  7. -Store the age field in the database
  8. What is horizontal scaling and vertical scaling?
  9. Explain the logic behind the admin search patient feature.
  10. What is template inheritance in Jinja?
  11. Write the SQL query to search for a patient (in Notepad).
  12. Are foreign keys unique?
  13. Explain model.py
- MAD1

Be thorough with your code and ready to explain any part. He is patient and gives you enough time if you run into errors while making changes

Questions remembered
  1. demo
  2. add field in user registration page
  3. make change to database
  4. url_for vs redirect vs render template
  5. encryption vs hashing
  6. explain db models
  7. backref vs backpopulate
  8. explain app routes
  9. MVC
Jatin Dhanani MAD1

He Was a Very Friendly Guy, and very helpful.
Most probably asked repeated questions.
He will give you honest feedback at the end.
Everything else was chill.
No need to worry.

Questions remembered
  1. Quick Go Through The Application
  2. Explain the Model.py file
  3. Explain admin_dashboard Route.
  4. What is uselist (I have used it While defining a relationship in the model.py file, so he asked)
  5. Is a Foreign Key Needs to be unique?
  6. In what case does a Foreign Key Need to be Unique?
  7. Explain a Customer Register Template.
  8. What is the Structure of MVC?
  9. What is the difference between hashing and encryption?
  10. What is the difference between redirect and render_template?
  11. What is the meaning of "Required"(Asked while I was explaining a customer registration page).
  12. Explain a create-service route.
  13. While presenting the application, I got one error. So, he first asked me to explain the error, such as what it was and why it occurred. And then asked me to fix that and re-run the application.
  14. Then, he asked me to change the background color of a login page.
  15. How does Jinja Access the Variable?
  16. How to write a for loop in jinja?
  17. What is templet inheritance?
Garima MAD1

He is very calm, helps if any error occurs, explain things if you get stuck anywhere and also suggest some changes. Just remember all his question present in this sheet, he ask from these questions only.

Questions remembered
  1. Project demonstration
  2. Explain models.py
  3. Horizontal scaling
  4. Backref
  5. MVC architecture
  6. Lazy loading
  7. Hashing vs Encryption
  8. Explain admin dashboard route
  9. Explain customer registration html page
  10. Add a column age in the professional model with a constraint of the minimum age being 18, make changes in professional registration page accordingly and show the changes in the database.
Dharmik Patel MAD1

The examiner is very friendly and will explain the correct answer if you are not able to answer.

Tip: if you have noticed, my questions are repeated that of previous students. So questions will be repeated most probably.

Questions remembered
  1. demo of application
  2. explain models.py
  3. what is use of backref
  4. explain register customer html file
  5. explain route for admin dashboard
  6. add new column age in service professional, min. age 18 and edit html page as as-well.
  7. what is load balancing? ( i mentioned horizontal balancing so he followed up with what is horizontal balancing?)
  8. what is difference between encryption and hashing
  9. sql query to add column into existing table.
hehe MAD1

the proctor was chill, gave a lot of feedback on code structure and logic, if you get this proctor make sure to go through the questions in this sheet asked by him. Almost all were repeated for me

Questions remembered
  1. Add an 'age' column for professional registration. and restrict it to individuals above 18 only (try this code once to make sure you have no errors)
  2. What is MVC?
  3. redirect vs render template
  4. Complete demo of project: explanation of models and templates
  5. How jinja accesses variables? ans : {{ }}
  6. what is backref?
Mayank MAD1

Although you are good in coding, you should be able to explain the theory confidently. Security, API, Controllers were the core features for my project, he didn't asked much about it. Make sure you are good in question & answers.

Questions remembered
  1. Download, extract and run the zip and quickly show the demo
  2. He asked if any API was being used. Told a little change should be done in the UX.
  3. He asked to show models and explain some. I had added some extra features for location. He asked how that was implemented and show in the code.
  4. He asked about backref, relationship, lazy in the models
  5. He told to add an age model with constraint >= 18, to follow Child Labor Laws 🙄, and make it show in the database.
  6. He asked for explaination about the database population script.
  7. From theory section he asked to explain MVC, load balancing, horizontal scaling, backref, relationship, lazy, url_for, redirect, render_template, etc. Note: He asked a lot from theory. Overall, he was good and friendly. He liked my project. I couldn't explain properly as it was my first project's level2 viva. He concluded saying the project was professional and code quality was good but my explaination was problematic and I needed to work on it.
Anonymous MAD1

Well he is very nice. Just answer the questions to the point (without adding unnecessary details) . Me might ask Theory based questions along with the project so do prepare them as well. My viva lasted for around 43 minutes.. Best of luck

Questions remembered
  1. First as usual run the checksum
  2. Demonstrate your Project
  3. How RBAC is managed in my project?
  4. Working / Explanation of Login route
  5. Explanation of my DB models
  6. Is Foreign needs to be unique always ?(Ans : NO)
  7. He asked me to add another field called age (to avoid Child Labor by allowing only 18+ for Service Professionals) in the Service Professional Login Page store and show it in the database.
  8. My frontend was a bit ugly so he advised me to work on my frontend design
  9. Constraints of Rest API
  10. And one more question he asked me that i was unable to answer so i forgot the question as well 🥲🥲🥲
Shreya MAD1

Just be clear with your code!
The proctor was really nice.

Questions remembered
  1. Demonstrate the application
  2. Implement password hashing (with the help of internet if you want)
  3. Explain the controller.py file, models.py
  4. What is cascade in the models file and why backref is used, and the relationship among the tables in the database.
  5. What is load balancing
  6. What is MVC architecture
  7. What are the constraints to Restful APIs
  8. Three differences between sessions and cookies.
  9. Change the background color of login page.
  10. What is template inheritance.
sharda MAD1

he is very helpful. he might ask why have you used what have you used, how you could have done it the other way. be ready to implement a few recommended functionalities, like password hashing and basic CSS. for thoery questions, you can rely on what he asked to others. Good Luck !!!

Questions remembered
  1. why do we use backref
  2. he made me do password hashing
  3. he made me change the background color of the login page
  4. what is load balancing 5 two difference between session and cookies
  5. what is MVC paradigm
  6. is it necessary for a foreign key to be unique?
  7. how did you implement search functionality. have you used filter method or the search method.
  8. why do we used CDN?
  9. what is template inheritance
Rishabh Indoria MAD1

He is chill, you need to know what you have coded and be ready to change anything. Theory questions don't matter that much, you just need to have a basic understanding of them. Use GPT to get answers for the same.
All the Best

Questions remembered
  1. Downloaded the code first then gave a brief demo where he asked some details regarding functionality
  2. Then he asked me to explain the routes and what functionality, he gave a lot of improvements that could have been made
  3. I had implemented pagination, so he was impressed by that
  4. Asked to create a phone number field in registration page and make appropriate changes to the database
  5. What is load balancing?
  6. What is scaling?
  7. Constraint of RESTful API
  8. What is CDN and how is it useful or better than writing css(bootstrap cdn)
  9. Three differences between session and cookies
Sheet response MAD1

Make sure you're ready to answer any question on why you implemented something in that particular way

Questions remembered
  1. Demo
  2. Template inheritance
  3. Types of software testing
  4. Why i didn't implement password hashing
  5. More questions on the app
  6. Asked to add requirement of @ symbol to username
  7. What does __name__ = __main__ do in main app file

Approved viva sets

See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    Show ID Card
    Times asked 7
    Official solution

    SimpleCamera pe clearly college/IITM ID dikhao — naam aur photo match hone chahiye.

    Viva tipPehle se ID haath mein rakho, glare mat aane do. Iske baad GitHub + project run.

  2. 2
    Asked to Download the project and run it
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleExaminer portal wala submitted ZIP chahta hai. Local extra changes mat dikhana.

    Suggested flow1) Portal ZIP download
    2) Extract
    3) venv + pip install -r requirements.txt
    4) flask run / python app.py

  3. 3
    Login to admin and show the dashboard
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  4. 4
    Asked to incorporate so when booking with past date, it will throw a message
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  5. 5
    One of the HTML file walkthrough
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  6. 6
    (what does thead, th and tbody mean)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  7. 7
    Models walkthrough
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  8. 8
    Specific route walkthrough
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  9. 9
    Theory questions:
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleTheory = concepts: ORM, MVC, auth vs authz, Jinja inheritance, sessions. 1-line def + project example.

  10. 10
    Foreign key and should it be unique (Ans: it need not be unique)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign key dusri table ke PK ko point karti hai — relationship banati hai.

    Example

    lot_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('lot.id'), nullable=False)
Advice: Proctor is patient and chill, he will provide lot of time for the coding part. Be thorough with questions asked before by the proctor, sort of repeat; in this sheet; know your code well. He will provide honest feedback. All the best
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    LEVEL2
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLevel = viva difficulty band. Level 1 usually demo + basics; higher pe live coding + deeper theory.

    Viva tipJo level assign hai uske hisaab se demo + theory ready rakho.

  2. 2
    -asked question while demo about how resumes were getting stored
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    -add a course option on registeration page and show it is connected to the db
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  4. 4
    -vector scaling vs standard scaling
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleUngli rakhe to 4-line formula — panic ki jagah structure.

    1) File ka role: model / Flask route / Vue SFC / celery task / config
    2) Input kahan: JSON, params, token, props, $route
    3) Kya kaam: query, cache, validation, .delay()
    4) Output: jsonify, this.items, email, redirect

    Unknown keyword: import, decorator, if, commit — har ka reason. Bluff mat.

    Suggested flow1) Kaunsi layer?
    2) Input?
    3) DB/cache/task?
    4) Response/UI?

    Project example: Booking POST: jwt, seats check, commit, 201, Vue list push.

    Viva tipUnknown keyword: import, decorator, if, commit — har ka reason. Panic mat.

  5. 5
    -diff between render_templates and redirect
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplerender_template Jinja HTML file ko data deke final HTML banata hai.

    Example

    return render_template('dashboard.html', user=user, lots=lots)
Advice: proctor is patient and lets you think just go through your code line by line
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    Project Demo (asked questions in between)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Edit student registration to add course
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  3. 3
    Show whether column is added in DB
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  4. 4
    Explain specific route files
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  5. 5
    How else can we store resume files instead of storing their filenames?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  6. 6
    What is FK and is it always unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: Very calm & practical, just be thorough with the concepts you used and don't panic
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    Then the theory question:-
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleTheory = concepts: ORM, MVC, auth vs authz, Jinja inheritance, sessions. 1-line def + project example.

  2. 2
    Asked to explain register HTML files and in between he popped many question (eg:- what is the use of this line)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    How we can add loops in jinja
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleJinja for loop list render karta hai. loop.index, else branch empty list pe.

    Example

    {% for u in users %}
  <tr><td>{{ loop.index }}</td><td>{{ u.email }}</td></tr>
{% endfor %}
Advice: Just be confident while explaining whatever he asked you, proctor was so calm and neutral, go well through each line of you code
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    viva2:
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    asked me to show the demo
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    while i was explaining he asked a lot of theory ques, and mostly he asks repeated ques. i focused on the ques present in this this sheet for my preparation and almost all the ques matched
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleTheory = concepts: ORM, MVC, auth vs authz, Jinja inheritance, sessions. 1-line def + project example.

  4. 4
    to close the flash mssgs i used a bit of JS, so he asked ab that. i didnt know what to say cuz i literally took it from google. and he said ok no issues just explain ab what it does so i did that
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  5. 5
    for code changes he asked to set an age limit such that patients under the age of 18 cant register (lol i saw this in the sheet b4 too)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  6. 6
    asked me to explain admin functionality and then he asked me to write a raw sql query in notepad for the same
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  7. 7
    he also asked me to provide slots as a doctor, told me to provide 2 slots at the exact same time and date.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleEdge cases: duplicate booking, full capacity, wrong role URL, empty search, invalid id.

    Example

    if Spot.query.get_or_404(spot_id).status != 'available':
    flash('Already taken')
    return redirect(...)
Advice: proctor is friendly and patient. if u get him just focus on the ques present in the sheet already becuz almost all of the ques are repeated. i booked for 9-10pm slot and my viva lasted around 30 mins
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
Copy set link
  1. 1
    General checks (ID, GitHub, etc.)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCamera pe clearly college/IITM ID dikhao — naam aur photo match hone chahiye.

    Viva tipPehle se ID haath mein rakho, glare mat aane do. Iske baad GitHub + project run.

  2. 2
    Code change:
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  3. 3
    -Ensure users below 25 years are not allowed to register
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  4. 4
    -Store the age field in the database
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpledata() local diary. Store school notice board.

    Search query local. Logged-in user store. Persist: store + localStorage together.

    state vs data: similar concept, scope alag.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Example

    // local
data() { return { q: '' } }
// global
this.$store.state.user

    Project example: Login.vue local form fields. this.$store.state.user Navbar.

  5. 5
    Explain the logic behind the admin search patient feature.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
  6. 6
    Write the SQL query to search for a patient (in Notepad).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
  7. 7
    Are foreign keys unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign key dusri table ke PK ko point karti hai — relationship banati hai.

    Example

    lot_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('lot.id'), nullable=False)
Advice: Be calm, don’t fumble over your words, and if you don’t know something, calmly say, “Sorry, I don’t know.” Make sure you know the logic of all the functions and can explain it articulately.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    add field in user registration page
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  2. 2
    make change to database
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

  3. 3
    backref vs backpopulate
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplebackref reverse attribute auto banata hai. back_populates dono sides explicitly naam dete ho — clearer.

    Example

    # backref
spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot')
# spot.lot available

# back_populates
spots = db.relationship('Spot', back_populates='lot')
# Spot.lot = db.relationship('Lot', back_populates='spots')
  4. 4
    explain app routes
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

Advice: Be thorough with your code and ready to explain any part. He is patient and gives you enough time if you run into errors while making changes
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    Quick Go Through The Application
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Explain the Model.py file
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  3. 3
    What is uselist (I have used it While defining a relationship in the model.py file, so he asked)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simpledb.relationship se object graph: lot.spots, booking.user. backref reverse side auto deta hai.

    Example

    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', cascade='all, delete-orphan')
  4. 4
    In what case does a Foreign Key Need to be Unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign key dusri table ke PK ko point karti hai — relationship banati hai.

    Example

    lot_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('lot.id'), nullable=False)
  5. 5
    Explain a Customer Register Template.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  6. 6
    What is the Structure of MVC?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC: Model=data (SQLAlchemy), View=Jinja HTML, Controller=Flask routes/business logic.

    Flask loosely MVC follow karta hai — routes controllers, templates views, models.py models.

  7. 7
    What is the meaning of "Required"(Asked while I was explaining a customer registration page).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  8. 8
    While presenting the application, I got one error. So, he first asked me to explain the error, such as what it was and why it occurred. And then asked me to fix that and re-run the application.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplevenv activate → dependencies → DB create/migrate → flask run. Browser pe localhost dikhao.

    Example

    python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
flask run
  9. 9
    How does Jinja Access the Variable?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleJinja2 Flask ka template engine — HTML ke andar {{ }} variables, {% %} logic.

    Example

    {% for lot in lots %}
  <li>{{ lot.name }} — {{ lot.spots }}</li>
{% else %}
  <p>No lots</p>
{% endfor %}
Advice: He Was a Very Friendly Guy, and very helpful. Most probably asked repeated questions. He will give you honest feedback at the end. Everything else was chill. No need to worry.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    Project demonstration
    Times asked 6
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Lazy loading
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simplelazy loading: related objects kab load hon. lazy=True default (access pe query). joined/eager pehle se join.

  3. 3
    Add a column age in the professional model with a constraint of the minimum age being 18, make changes in professional registration page accordingly and show the changes in the database.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
Advice: He is very calm, helps if any error occurs, explain things if you get stuck anywhere and also suggest some changes. Just remember all his question present in this sheet, he ask from these questions only.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    demo of application
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    what is use of backref
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplebackref reverse attribute auto banata hai. back_populates dono sides explicitly naam dete ho — clearer.

    Example

    # backref
spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot')
# spot.lot available

# back_populates
spots = db.relationship('Spot', back_populates='lot')
# Spot.lot = db.relationship('Lot', back_populates='spots')
  3. 3
    explain register customer html file
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  4. 4
    add new column age in service professional, min. age 18 and edit html page as as-well.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: The examiner is very friendly and will explain the correct answer if you are not able to answer. Tip: if you have noticed, my questions are repeated that of previous students. So questions will be repeated most probably.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    Download, extract and run the zip and quickly show the demo
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleExaminer portal wala submitted ZIP chahta hai. Local extra changes mat dikhana.

    Suggested flow1) Portal ZIP download
    2) Extract
    3) venv + pip install -r requirements.txt
    4) flask run / python app.py

  2. 2
    He asked if any API was being used. Told a little change should be done in the UX.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

  3. 3
    He asked about backref, relationship, lazy in the models
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpledb.relationship se object graph: lot.spots, booking.user. backref reverse side auto deta hai.

    Example

    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', cascade='all, delete-orphan')
  4. 4
    He told to add an age model with constraint >= 18, to follow Child Labor Laws 🙄, and make it show in the database.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  5. 5
    He asked for explaination about the database population script.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

Advice: Although you are good in coding, you should be able to explain the theory confidently. Security, API, Controllers were the core features for my project, he didn't asked much about it. Make sure you are good in question & answers.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    First as usual run the checksum
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleExaminer wohi ZIP chahta hai jo tumne submit kiya, local extra magic nahi.

    Portal download → extract → redis, venv, pip, npm, flask, worker, beat.

    Checksum maange to hash. Uncommitted files mat dikhana.

    Examiner 2 cheezein: simple desi line + tumhare project ki exact file.

    Pehle ID, GitHub, portal ZIP. Phir run: Redis + Flask + worker + beat + Vue. Feature demo: login, RBAC, cache hit/miss, Celery mail, search.

    Line pe ungli: input kahan, kaunsa check, query/cache/task, JSON/UI. Copilot band. Jo nahi kiya honestly bolo + kaise add karte.

    Suggested flow1) ZIP
    2) Extract
    3) Redis + venv + pip
    4) npm/vite
    5) flask + celery worker + beat

    Project example: Submitted zip run. README commands copy.

    Viva tipChecksum maange to hash match karke dikhao. Extra uncommitted files mat dikhana.

  2. 2
    Demonstrate your Project
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    How RBAC is managed in my project?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleProject overview: problem → roles → main entities → key flows (register, book, admin approve).

    Viva tip1 minute elevator pitch ready rakho, phir demo.

  4. 4
    Working / Explanation of Login route
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLogin flow pehle poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", token milne ke baad har API pe wohi proof dikhate ho.

    Authentication step: Vue form email + password JSON POST karta hai. Flask user dhoondhta hai, check_password_hash se prove karta hai ki tum genuine ho. Galat 401. Sahi pe JWT + role milta hai — yeh session/token hai.

    Vue localStorage (ya cookie) mein token rakhta hai, dashboard pe router.push. Aage ki har fetch header: Authorization: Bearer <token>. @jwt_required identity check (authentication). @roles_required('admin') permission check (authorization) — logged in ho, lekin allowed nahi to 403.

    Validation alag cheez hai: empty email, password 8+ — form sahi bhara hai ya nahi. Woh identity prove nahi karta.

    Logout = client token delete + login page. Server blacklist optional. Password response JSON mein kabhi mat bhejo.

    Example

    # Authentication
@app.route('/api/login', methods=['POST'])
def login():
    u = User.query.filter_by(email=data['email']).first()
    if not u or not check_password_hash(u.password, data['password']):
        return jsonify(msg='bad'), 401
    return jsonify(token=create_access_token(u.id), role=u.role)

# baad ki APIs
# Authorization: Bearer <token>
if current_user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)

    Project example: Login.vue POST /api/login → token LS → interceptor. Student token se admin route = 403. Empty form = validation, galat password = 401.

    Viva tipNetwork tab mein password body dikhega localhost pe — prod HTTPS. Response mein hash/password echo mat karo.

  5. 5
    Explanation of my DB models
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  6. 6
    Is Foreign needs to be unique always ?(Ans : NO)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  7. 7
    My frontend was a bit ugly so he advised me to work on my frontend design
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  8. 8
    And one more question he asked me that i was unable to answer so i forgot the question as well 🥲🥲🥲
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

Advice: Well he is very nice. Just answer the questions to the point (without adding unnecessary details) . Me might ask Theory based questions along with the project so do prepare them as well. My viva lasted for around 43 minutes.. Best of luck
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    Demonstrate the application
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    What is cascade in the models file and why backref is used, and the relationship among the tables in the database.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpledb.relationship se object graph: lot.spots, booking.user. backref reverse side auto deta hai.

    Example

    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', cascade='all, delete-orphan')
  3. 3
    What are the constraints to Restful APIs
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleREST: resources + HTTP verbs. GET read, POST create, PUT/PATCH update, DELETE remove. Stateless ideal.

Advice: Just be clear with your code! The proctor was really nice.
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    why do we use backref
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplebackref reverse attribute auto banata hai. back_populates dono sides explicitly naam dete ho — clearer.

    Example

    # backref
spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot')
# spot.lot available

# back_populates
spots = db.relationship('Spot', back_populates='lot')
# Spot.lot = db.relationship('Lot', back_populates='spots')
  2. 2
    he made me do password hashing
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePassword plain text mat store. werkzeug generate_password_hash / check_password_hash.

    Example

    from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
user.password = generate_password_hash(raw)
check_password_hash(user.password, raw)
  3. 3
    what is MVC paradigm
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC: Model=data (SQLAlchemy), View=Jinja HTML, Controller=Flask routes/business logic.

    Flask loosely MVC follow karta hai — routes controllers, templates views, models.py models.

  4. 4
    is it necessary for a foreign key to be unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign key dusri table ke PK ko point karti hai — relationship banati hai.

    Example

    lot_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('lot.id'), nullable=False)
  5. 5
    how did you implement search functionality. have you used filter method or the search method.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
  6. 6
    why do we used CDN?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCDN = Vue script tag se, jaise pen drive. CLI/Vite = poori factory (SFC, npm, bundle).

    CDN: no build, chhote apps, exam PC pe Node nahi to bhi chal. Weak: no .vue compile, 3rd-party cache, scale/team.

    CLI/Vite: Single File Components, env, code-split, production dist/. Scalable.

    Examiner 'which + why' — jo use kiya wahi justify, doosra naam rato mat.

    Example

    <!-- CDN -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3/dist/vue.global.js"></script>

# Vite
npm run dev
npm run build

    Project example: CDN: index.html unpkg vue. CLI: package.json, npm run serve / vite.

    Viva tipCDN scalable large teams ke liye weak (no SFC compile, caching 3rd party). Examiner 'which + why' poochta hai — jo use kiya wahi justify karo.

Advice: he is very helpful. he might ask why have you used what have you used, how you could have done it the other way. be ready to implement a few recommended functionalities, like password hashing and basic CSS. for thoery questions, you can rely on what he asked to others. Good Luck !!!
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    Downloaded the code first then gave a brief demo where he asked some details regarding functionality
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Then he asked me to explain the routes and what functionality, he gave a lot of improvements that could have been made
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  3. 3
    I had implemented pagination, so he was impressed by that
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePagination badi list ko pages mein todta hai — offset/limit ya Flask-SQLAlchemy paginate().

    Example

    page = request.args.get('page', 1, type=int)
pagination = Lot.query.paginate(page=page, per_page=10)
  4. 4
    What is scaling?
    Times asked 5
    Official solution

    SimpleLoad badhe to handle: scale up/out, cache, async, DB tune.

    SQL scale: indexes, pool, replicas, partition, cache hot queries.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: If 10k: URI postgres, gunicorn, cache, celery concurrency.

Advice: He is chill, you need to know what you have coded and be ready to change anything. Theory questions don't matter that much, you just need to have a basic understanding of them. Use GPT to get answers for the same. All the Best
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 2
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  1. 1
    More questions on the app
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  2. 2
    Asked to add requirement of @ symbol to username
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  3. 3
    What does __name__ = __main__ do in main app file
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: Make sure you're ready to answer any question on why you implemented something in that particular way
See reviews Level2_126 MAD1 Level 1
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  1. 1
    Complete project demo.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice karo, 5-7 minute, saari roles.

    Suggested flow

    1) Register/login user 2) Admin login — CRUD 3) Approval/blacklist 4) Booking/apply 5) Search 6) Validation edge (slots 0, duplicate) 7) Logout
    Bolte-bolte dikhao: 'Yahan overbooking rokta hoon'. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.
    Crash ho to debug calmly: terminal error, typo, DB path.
    Mandatory features skip mat karna — examiner list tick karta hai.

  2. 2
    Explain overall project flow.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  3. 3
    Explain application functionality.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice karo, 5-7 minute, saari roles.

    Suggested flow

    1) Register/login user 2) Admin login — CRUD 3) Approval/blacklist 4) Booking/apply 5) Search 6) Validation edge (slots 0, duplicate) 7) Logout
    Bolte-bolte dikhao: 'Yahan overbooking rokta hoon'. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.
    Crash ho to debug calmly: terminal error, typo, DB path.
    Mandatory features skip mat karna — examiner list tick karta hai.

  4. 4
    Explain specific routes (login, admin dashboard, create-service, etc.).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  5. 5
    Explain models.py.
    Times asked 21
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py har table ki class hai — columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Viva mein file khol ke bolo:
    1) Kaunsi classes/tables hain (User, Role-specific, Booking...)
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships: 1-1 / 1-M / M-M, backref, cascade, lazy
    4) Constraints: unique email, nullable, default status

    Example skeleton

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    role = db.Column(db.String(20), default='user')
    bookings = db.relationship('Booking', backref='user', cascade='all, delete-orphan')

    ER diagram: rectangles entities, lines relationships, PK/FK mark. Schema = yahi structure.
    Tables create: db.create_all() ya migrations. SQLite file SQL viewer se dikha sakte ho.

  6. 6
    Explain controller.py.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  7. 7
    Explain database schema and relationships.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py har table ki class hai — columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Viva mein file khol ke bolo:
    1) Kaunsi classes/tables hain (User, Role-specific, Booking...)
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships: 1-1 / 1-M / M-M, backref, cascade, lazy
    4) Constraints: unique email, nullable, default status

    Example skeleton

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    role = db.Column(db.String(20), default='user')
    bookings = db.relationship('Booking', backref='user', cascade='all, delete-orphan')

    ER diagram: rectangles entities, lines relationships, PK/FK mark. Schema = yahi structure.
    Tables create: db.create_all() ya migrations. SQLite file SQL viewer se dikha sakte ho.

  8. 8
    Explain database population script.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  9. 9
    Explain search functionality implementation.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch box GET form, backend query filter, results template mein.

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
results = Doctor.query.filter(Doctor.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all() if q else []
return render_template('search.html', results=results, q=q)

    Jinja: {{ results|length }} matches. Empty: 'No results'.
    JS-only filter: saara data pehle load, client filter — chhote lists. Bada data: server search.
    Search generally GET (shareable URL). Count: len(results) ya db.func.count.

  10. 10
    Explain admin search functionality.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch box GET form, backend query filter, results template mein.

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
results = Doctor.query.filter(Doctor.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all() if q else []
return render_template('search.html', results=results, q=q)

    Jinja: {{ results|length }} matches. Empty: 'No results'.
    JS-only filter: saara data pehle load, client filter — chhote lists. Bada data: server search.
    Search generally GET (shareable URL). Count: len(results) ya db.func.count.

  11. 11
    Explain RBAC implementation.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleRBAC = Role-Based Access Control — permission role se (admin/staff/user), har user pe alag nahi.

    user.role = 'admin'
    if current_user.role != 'admin': abort(403)

    Same login page, role ke hisaab dashboard. Multiple roles: roles table Many-to-Many, ya comma field (behtar normalized table).
    Unapproved staff: is_approved flag, login pe check.
    Flask-Security/UserMixin is_authenticated, is_active, get_id dete hain.

  12. 12
    Explain how resumes/files are stored.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFile upload form multipart, Flask request.files, disk ya DB path store.

    <form method='POST' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
f = request.files.get('resume')
f.save(os.path.join('uploads', secure_filename(f.filename)))

    Sensitive docs uploads/ web se seedha serve mat karo, login check ke baad send_from_directory.
    Student resume edit: policy — allowed hai to Update route, nahi to freeze after apply.

  13. 13
    Explain project error and fix it.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  14. 14
    Explain login route.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLogin GET form dikhata hai, POST credentials check karke session set karta hai.

    @app.route('/login', methods=['GET','POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        u = User.query.filter_by(email=request.form.get('email')).first()
        if u and check_password_hash(u.password, request.form.get('password')):
            if getattr(u, 'blacklisted', False):
                flash('Blocked'); return redirect(url_for('login'))
            session['user_id'] = u.id
            session['role'] = u.role
            return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))
        flash('Invalid')
    return render_template('login.html')

    Logout: session.clear(); redirect login. Incognito alag cookie jar — logged out dikhega.
    Single login page: role se redirect alag dashboards.

  15. 15
    Explain admin dashboard route.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  16. 16
    Explain create-service route.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  17. 17
    Explain admin dashboard template.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  18. 18
    Explain customer registration template.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  19. 19
    Explain HTML files (thead, tbody, th, required attribute, etc.).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForm user input server ko bhejti hai. Table rows/columns dikhati hai.

    <form action="{{ url_for('register') }}" method='POST' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
  <input name='email' required>
  <button type='submit'>Go</button>
</form>

    name attribute server pe key ban'ti hai: request.form['email']. id JS/CSS, value default/dikhta hua text.
    action URL. method GET/POST. enctype file upload pe multipart.
    required frontend empty submit rokta hai (backend phir bhi check).

    <table><thead><tr><th>Name</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>{{ u.name }}</td></tr></tbody></table>

    th header, td data, tr row. Nested table: td ke andar table (avoid, messy).
    method hataoge to GET, password URL mein — buri baat.

  20. 20
    Add Age field.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple 4-step: Model → DB → Form → Route → Template. Yeh sabse common live-coding hai.

    1) models.py: age = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=True)
    2) DB: SQLite viewer se column, ya DB delete karke create_all, ya ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN age INTEGER; production mein Flask-Migrate.
    3) register.html: <input type='number' name='age' min='18' required>
    4) route: user.age = request.form.get('age', type=int); commit
    5) dashboard: {{ user.age }} admin table mein <td>{{ u.age }}</td>

    Print terminal: print('AGE', request.form.get('age'))
    Phone/city same pattern, String(20). Openings on Drive: integer column + form + create_drive route.

  21. 21
    Restrict registration to 18+.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation galat data rok ti hai — frontend turant, backend must.

    Frontend: required, min='18', maxlength='8', pattern='(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}'
    Backend example:

    pwd = request.form.get('password','')
if len(pwd) < 8 or not re.search(r'[A-Z]', pwd) or not re.search(r'[0-9]', pwd):
    flash('Weak password')

    Haan, regex se password rules ho sakte hain.
    Age 18-99, date >= today, slots <= 30 and > 0, confirm password == password, email '@' .
    Duplicate username: User.query.filter_by(email=email).first() or unique=True catch IntegrityError.
    Past date: if date < date.today(): reject. Negative slots: if slots < 0: reject; book pe available > 0 check.

  22. 22
    Restrict registration to 25+.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation galat data rok ti hai — frontend turant, backend must.

    Frontend: required, min='18', maxlength='8', pattern='(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}'
    Backend example:

    pwd = request.form.get('password','')
if len(pwd) < 8 or not re.search(r'[A-Z]', pwd) or not re.search(r'[0-9]', pwd):
    flash('Weak password')

    Haan, regex se password rules ho sakte hain.
    Age 18-99, date >= today, slots <= 30 and > 0, confirm password == password, email '@' .
    Duplicate username: User.query.filter_by(email=email).first() or unique=True catch IntegrityError.
    Past date: if date < date.today(): reject. Negative slots: if slots < 0: reject; book pe available > 0 check.

  23. 23
    Add Phone Number field.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple 4-step: Model → DB → Form → Route → Template. Yeh sabse common live-coding hai.

    1) models.py: age = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=True)
    2) DB: SQLite viewer se column, ya DB delete karke create_all, ya ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN age INTEGER; production mein Flask-Migrate.
    3) register.html: <input type='number' name='age' min='18' required>
    4) route: user.age = request.form.get('age', type=int); commit
    5) dashboard: {{ user.age }} admin table mein <td>{{ u.age }}</td>

    Print terminal: print('AGE', request.form.get('age'))
    Phone/city same pattern, String(20). Openings on Drive: integer column + form + create_drive route.

  24. 24
    Add Course field.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple 4-step: Model → DB → Form → Route → Template. Yeh sabse common live-coding hai.

    1) models.py: age = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=True)
    2) DB: SQLite viewer se column, ya DB delete karke create_all, ya ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN age INTEGER; production mein Flask-Migrate.
    3) register.html: <input type='number' name='age' min='18' required>
    4) route: user.age = request.form.get('age', type=int); commit
    5) dashboard: {{ user.age }} admin table mein <td>{{ u.age }}</td>

    Print terminal: print('AGE', request.form.get('age'))
    Phone/city same pattern, String(20). Openings on Drive: integer column + form + create_drive route.

  25. 25
    Add another custom registration field.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh project-specific feature add/modify hai. 4 layers touch karo: model, route, template, validation.

    1) Data chahiye to models.py mein column/relationship + DB update (ALTER / migrate / create_all).
    2) Route: GET pe form/page, POST pe request.form se save, flash + redirect.
    3) Template: input name=... Jinja se {{ obj.field }} display.
    4) Rule: duplicate, range, role check backend pe.

    Example naya field 'city':

    user.city = db.Column(db.String(50))
user.city = request.form.get('city')
<input name='city'>  ...  {{ user.city }}
  26. 26
    Add username validation requiring: @ Capital letter
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation galat data rok ti hai — frontend turant, backend must.

    Frontend: required, min='18', maxlength='8', pattern='(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}'
    Backend example:

    pwd = request.form.get('password','')
if len(pwd) < 8 or not re.search(r'[A-Z]', pwd) or not re.search(r'[0-9]', pwd):
    flash('Weak password')

    Haan, regex se password rules ho sakte hain.
    Age 18-99, date >= today, slots <= 30 and > 0, confirm password == password, email '@' .
    Duplicate username: User.query.filter_by(email=email).first() or unique=True catch IntegrityError.
    Past date: if date < date.today(): reject. Negative slots: if slots < 0: reject; book pe available > 0 check.

  27. 27
    Change login page background color.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh live UI/CSS change hai. Examiner jo element bole uski CSS turant badlo.

    Bootstrap class badlo (btn-primary → btn-success, bg-dark → bg-warning) ya inline style='color:red; background:#eee'.
    Center: d-flex justify-content-center text-center. Navbar neeche: navbar fixed-bottom.

    Example

    <button class='btn btn-success' style='background:#16a34a'>Book</button>

    Pehle browser inspect karke class dhundo, phir template mein change karke refresh.

  28. 28
    Change table background color.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh live UI/CSS change hai. Examiner jo element bole uski CSS turant badlo.

    Bootstrap class badlo (btn-primary → btn-success, bg-dark → bg-warning) ya inline style='color:red; background:#eee'.
    Center: d-flex justify-content-center text-center. Navbar neeche: navbar fixed-bottom.

    Example

    <button class='btn btn-success' style='background:#16a34a'>Book</button>

    Pehle browser inspect karke class dhundo, phir template mein change karke refresh.

  29. 29
    Improve frontend/UX.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  30. 30
    Prevent booking on past dates.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation galat data rok ti hai — frontend turant, backend must.

    Frontend: required, min='18', maxlength='8', pattern='(?=.*[A-Z]).{8,}'
    Backend example:

    pwd = request.form.get('password','')
if len(pwd) < 8 or not re.search(r'[A-Z]', pwd) or not re.search(r'[0-9]', pwd):
    flash('Weak password')

    Haan, regex se password rules ho sakte hain.
    Age 18-99, date >= today, slots <= 30 and > 0, confirm password == password, email '@' .
    Duplicate username: User.query.filter_by(email=email).first() or unique=True catch IntegrityError.
    Past date: if date < date.today(): reject. Negative slots: if slots < 0: reject; book pe available > 0 check.

  31. 31
    Allow duplicate doctor slots and explain behavior.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDuplicate/overbook rokne ke liye DB constraint + route check dono.

    Pehle query: Booking.query.filter_by(user_id=uid, trek_id=tid).first()
    Agar exists: flash('Already booked'); return
    Slots: if trek.available <= 0: reject else trek.available -= 1; commit
    Race condition: unique(user_id, trek_id) constraint — do tabs se double click pe bhi ek hi row.
    Blacklist: login pe is_blacklisted check.
    Active drive limit: if Company ke paas status=open drive hai to naya mat banne do.

  32. 32
    Implement password hashing.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePassword DB mein plain text mat rakho — hash store karo jo reverse nahi hota.

    from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
user.password = generate_password_hash(request.form['password'])
check_password_hash(user.password, form_password)

    Hashing ≠ encryption. Leak pe bhi original password nahi milta (easy passwords rainbow table se — isliye salt + strong hash).
    Column String(200) kyunki hash lamba hota hai. unique=True password pe mat lagao.

  33. 33
    Explain why password hashing was not implemented.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePassword DB mein plain text mat rakho — hash store karo jo reverse nahi hota.

    from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
user.password = generate_password_hash(request.form['password'])
check_password_hash(user.password, form_password)

    Hashing ≠ encryption. Leak pe bhi original password nahi milta (easy passwords rainbow table se — isliye salt + strong hash).
    Column String(200) kyunki hash lamba hota hai. unique=True password pe mat lagao.

  34. 34
    Explain backref.
    Times asked 5
    Official solution

    Simplebackref relationship ki reverse side automatically bana deta hai.

    class Post(db.Model):
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))
    user = db.relationship('User', backref='posts')

    Ab post.user milta hai, aur user.posts bhi — Post model pe sirf ek line.
    secondary Many-to-Many junction table ke liye: relationship(..., secondary=likes_table, backref='liked_by').
    Explicit chahiye to back_populates use karo.

  35. 35
    Explain back_populates.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleback_populates dono models pe relationship explicitly link karta hai.

    class User(db.Model):
    posts = db.relationship('Post', back_populates='author')
class Post(db.Model):
    author = db.relationship('User', back_populates='posts')

    Naam match hona chahiye. Readability better, circular confusion kam. backref ka alternative yahi hai.

  36. 36
    Difference between backref vs back_populates.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpledono SQLAlchemy relationships ko do taraf se connect karte hain, farq sirf likhne ke style ka hai.

    backref: relationship ek side pe likhte ho, doosri side SQLAlchemy khud bana deta hai. Short hai, lekin dono models dekh ke relationship clearly nahi dikhti.

    back_populates: dono models pe relationship explicitly likhte ho. Code padhne wale ko turant samajh aa jaata hai ki User.posts aur Post.author linked hain.

    Example

    class User(db.Model):
    posts = db.relationship('Post', backref='author')

    Yahan Post.author automatically mil jaata hai.

    Explicit version:

    class User(db.Model):
    posts = db.relationship('Post', back_populates='author')
class Post(db.Model):
    author = db.relationship('User', back_populates='posts')

    Viva tipexaminer ko bolo — MAD1 project mein back_populates zyada clear hai, isliye preferred.

  37. 37
    Explain relationship().
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRelationships tables ko jodti hain taaki related data object se mil jaaye.

    One-to-Many: User → kai Posts. posts = relationship('Post', backref='author'). FK post.user_id.
    One-to-One: User → Profile. uselist=False + unique FK. Profile.user_id unique.
    Many-to-Many: Student ↔ Drive. Junction/secondary table (student_id, drive_id).

    Example 1-1:

    class Profile(db.Model):
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), unique=True)
    user = db.relationship('User', back_populates='profile', uselist=False)

    1-M ko 1-1: child FK pe unique=True + uselist=False.
    Parent-child: parent PK, child FK. Junction table extra columns bhi rakh sakti hai (applied_on).

  38. 38
    Explain lazy.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplelazy loading related objects tab load karta hai jab attribute access karte ho, pehle nahi.

    user = User.query.get(1)  # posts query nahi

    user.posts # ab query

    lazy=True / 'select' default. lazy='joined' eager join. lazy='dynamic' query object.
    uselist=False One-to-One (single object, list nahi). Hataoge to list mil sakti hai.
    Frontend lazy loading images alag cheez hai (viewport mein aaye tab load).

  39. 39
    Explain uselist.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  40. 40
    Explain cascade.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCascade parent ke saath child pe automatic action (generally delete).

    Company delete → uski drives bhi delete, warna orphan rows / FK error.
    SQLAlchemy: db.relationship('Drive', cascade='all, delete-orphan', backref='company')
    SQL: ForeignKey(..., ondelete='CASCADE')

    Cascade sirf delete nahi: save-update, merge, refresh-expire, expunge, delete-orphan.
    Cascade Update: parent PK change to child FK update (rare, PK mat badlo).
    Parent delete jab children active hon: constraint error, ya cascade se children gayab, ya pehle children handle karo — design choice examiner poochta hai.
    CSS cascading alag topic hai (styles inherit/override).

  41. 41
    Explain Foreign Key.
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign Key doosri table ki PK ko refer karti hai, relationship + referential integrity.

    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)

    Invalid user_id insert nahi hoga. FK unique nahi hona zaroori — One-to-Many mein same user_id kai rows.
    FK + PK same column: 1-1 sharing, jaise AdminProfile.id = FK to user.id.
    Should FK always unique? Nahi. Tab One-to-One chahiye ho tab unique.

  42. 42
    Should Foreign Key always be unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign Key doosri table ki PK ko refer karti hai, relationship + referential integrity.

    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)

    Invalid user_id insert nahi hoga. FK unique nahi hona zaroori — One-to-Many mein same user_id kai rows.
    FK + PK same column: 1-1 sharing, jaise AdminProfile.id = FK to user.id.
    Should FK always unique? Nahi. Tab One-to-One chahiye ho tab unique.

  43. 43
    When can a Foreign Key be unique?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForeign Key doosri table ki PK ko refer karti hai, relationship + referential integrity.

    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), nullable=False)

    Invalid user_id insert nahi hoga. FK unique nahi hona zaroori — One-to-Many mein same user_id kai rows.
    FK + PK same column: 1-1 sharing, jaise AdminProfile.id = FK to user.id.
    Should FK always unique? Nahi. Tab One-to-One chahiye ho tab unique.

  44. 44
    Can a Foreign Key also be a Primary Key?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePrimary Key row ki unique ID hai, Foreign Key doosri table ki Primary Key ko point karti hai.

    Primary Key: unique + not null. Har table mein hota hai. Example: user.id = 5
    Foreign Key: relationship banati hai. post.user_id = 5 matlab yeh post user 5 ki hai.

    Example

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
class Post(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'))

    FK Primary Key bhi ho sakti hai (1-to-1 profile table). FK unique ho to One-to-One, nahi to One-to-Many.

  45. 45
    How to ensure a One-to-One relationship?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRelationships tables ko jodti hain taaki related data object se mil jaaye.

    One-to-Many: User → kai Posts. posts = relationship('Post', backref='author'). FK post.user_id.
    One-to-One: User → Profile. uselist=False + unique FK. Profile.user_id unique.
    Many-to-Many: Student ↔ Drive. Junction/secondary table (student_id, drive_id).

    Example 1-1:

    class Profile(db.Model):
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), unique=True)
    user = db.relationship('User', back_populates='profile', uselist=False)

    1-M ko 1-1: child FK pe unique=True + uselist=False.
    Parent-child: parent PK, child FK. Junction table extra columns bhi rakh sakti hai (applied_on).

  46. 46
    SQL query to add a column.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple 4-step: Model → DB → Form → Route → Template. Yeh sabse common live-coding hai.

    1) models.py: age = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=True)
    2) DB: SQLite viewer se column, ya DB delete karke create_all, ya ALTER TABLE user ADD COLUMN age INTEGER; production mein Flask-Migrate.
    3) register.html: <input type='number' name='age' min='18' required>
    4) route: user.age = request.form.get('age', type=int); commit
    5) dashboard: {{ user.age }} admin table mein <td>{{ u.age }}</td>

    Print terminal: print('AGE', request.form.get('age'))
    Phone/city same pattern, String(20). Openings on Drive: integer column + form + create_drive route.

  47. 47
    SQL query for searching data.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  48. 48
    url_for() vs redirect()
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleurl_for sirf URL string banata hai, redirect us URL pe browser ko bhejta hai.

    url_for('home') → '/home' (function name se URL nikalta hai)
    redirect(url_for('home')) → browser ko /home pe le jaata hai

    Example

    return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))  # sahi
return redirect('/dashboard')         # hardcode, route change pe toot jaayega

Agar redirect se url_for hata do to khud path string dena padega: redirect('/dashboard').
Agar url_for('home') ko url_for('home_page') kar do aur home_page naam ka function nahi hai to BuildError aayega.

    url_for ko function ka naam chahiye, URL path nahi.

  49. 49
    redirect() vs render_template()
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplerender_template HTML page bana ke turant dikhata hai, redirect user ko doosre URL pe bhej deta hai.

    render_template('home.html', user=user) → server template fill karke 200 response deta hai. URL same rehta hai.
    redirect(url_for('dashboard')) → 302 response, browser naya GET karta hai. URL change ho jaata hai.

    Examplelogin POST successful hone ke baad render_template mat use karo, warna refresh pe form dubara submit ho jaayega.

    Sahi tarika: redirect(url_for('dashboard')) — yeh Post-Redirect-Get pattern hai.

    render_template tab: page dikhana hai with data.
    redirect tab: kaam ho gaya, ab doosre page pe le jaana hai (login, delete, update ke baad).

  50. 50
    url_for() vs render_template()
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleurl_for URL nikalta hai, render_template HTML page return karta hai. Dono alag kaam.

    url_for('login') → '/login'
render_template('login.html') → login page ka HTML

Templates mein link ke liye: <a href="{{ url_for('dashboard') }}">Dashboard</a>
Route mein page dikhane ke liye: return render_template('dashboard.html', user=user)

    url_for endpoint/function name leta hai, render_template HTML file name leta hai.

  51. 51
    What is Template Inheritance?
    Times asked 10
    Official solution

    Simpleextends poora layout inherit karta hai, include chhota piece insert karta hai.

    extends: child page base.html ka structure use karti hai, blocks override karti hai. Ek hi parent.
    include: navbar.html / footer.html jahan chaho insert. Kai baar use ho sakta hai.

    base.html:

    {% block content %}{% endblock %}

home.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}<h1>Home</h1>{% endblock %}

{% include 'navbar.html' %}  → navbar har page pe

    Fayda: header/footer ek jagah, change once — saari pages update. MAD1 mein almost har project use karta hai.

  52. 52
    What is Jinja Templating?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleJinja2 Flask ka template engine hai. HTML ke andar Python-jaisa data print/loop/if kar sakte ho.

    Bina Jinja har user ke liye alag HTML file. Jinja se ek template + data.

    {{ user.name }} print, {% for x in items %} loop, {% if %} condition, {% extends %} layout.

    Example routereturn render_template('dash.html', treks=treks)

    dash.html: {% for t in treks %}<li>{{ t.name }}</li>{% endfor %}

    HTML files templates/ folder mein isliye kyunki Flask default wahan dhundhta hai. render_template Jinja ko run karta hai.
    Boolean Jinja handle karta hai: {% if user.is_admin %}.

  53. 53
    How Jinja accesses variables ({{ }}).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  54. 54
    How to write a for loop in Jinja.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple Jinja loop + if — examiner notepad mein likhwaata hai:

    {% for t in treks %}
  <p>{{ t.name }} — {{ t.location }}</p>
{% else %}
  <p>No treks</p>
{% endfor %}

{% if user.role == 'admin' %}
  <button>Delete</button>
{% endif %}

    List filter: {% if x > 10 %}{{ x }}{% endif %}
    Length: {{ items|length }} Upper: {{ name|upper }}
    Table: loop ke andar <tr><td>

  55. 55
    Meaning of __name__ == "__main__".
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  56. 56
    What is MVC Architecture?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  57. 57
    Explain MVC structure.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  58. 58
    What is Load Balancing?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  59. 59
    Horizontal Scaling.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  60. 60
    Vertical Scaling.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  61. 61
    Difference between Horizontal and Vertical Scaling.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleVertical = same machine ko powerful banao. Horizontal = aur machines add karo.

    Vertical (scale up): RAM/CPU badhao. Simple, lekin ek limit hai, downtime ho sakta hai, single point of failure.
    Horizontal (scale out): 5 servers + load balancer. Sasta long-term, fault tolerant, lekin session/DB sharing sochna padta hai.

    Example10k users aaye to Flask app ke 4 copies chalao nginx peeche, DB alag machine pe.

    Thousands of requests on one machine: caching (Redis), DB indexes, gunicorn workers, phir horizontal.

  62. 62
    Constraints of RESTful API.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleREST ek architecture style hai, RESTful API us style ko follow karti hai.

    REST principles: client-server, stateless, cacheable, uniform interface (HTTP verbs + URLs), layered system.
    RESTful: GET /users, POST /users, PUT /users/1, DELETE /users/1 — resources nouns, actions verbs.
    RESTless: ek hi /api endpoint, action query mein (?action=delete) — REST rules nahi.

    MAD1 mein Flask routes REST-like ho sakte hain chahe jsonify na ho. HTML forms bhi resources pe CRUD karti hain.

  63. 63
    What is RESTful API?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAPI = Application Programming Interface — do systems predefined rules se baat karti hain. REST API HTTP + JSON use karti hai.

    Controller/route HTML bhi return kar sakta hai. REST API generally JSON return karti hai, frontend alag ho (Vue/Postman).

    Example

    @app.route('/api/users/<int:id>')
def get_user(id):
    u = User.query.get_or_404(id)
    return jsonify(id=u.id, name=u.name)

    MAD1 HTML apps mein 'API' kabhi-kabhi routes ko hi keh dete hain. Agar Vue nahi to bolo: server-rendered Flask, JSON APIs optional.
    Boolean return: technically jsonify(True) ho sakta hai, lekin meaningful JSON object better. Flask view None return kare to error.
    Test: Postman se GET/POST.
    Parsing: request.get_json() body se, request.args query se.

  64. 64
    What is CDN?
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  65. 65
    Why use CDN?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  66. 66
    Bootstrap CDN vs local CSS.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS/JS framework — ready classes se responsive UI.

    <button class='btn btn-primary'>Save</button>

    Red button: btn btn-danger. Navbar, cards, grid (row/col).
    CDN: <link href='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5...'> — internet na ho to style toot sakti hai. Local copy safer viva ke liye.
    CSS vs Bootstrap: Bootstrap faster consistent UI, custom CSS fine-control. Dono saath use ho sakte hain.
    aria-current='page' accessibility — current nav item screen readers ko.
    CDN fayda: cache, quick setup. Nuksaan: offline, privacy, version lock.

  67. 67
    Difference between Sessions and Cookies.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCookie browser mein save hoti hai, Session server pe data rakhta hai aur browser ko sirf ID deta hai.

    Cookie: key-value browser pe. JS padh sakta hai (agar HttpOnly nahi). Size chhoti (~4KB).
    Session: server-side dict. Flask default mein session data signed cookie mein hi store hota hai (client pe, lekin tamper-proof).

    Example

    session['user_id'] = 12 # login ke baad
    # browser ko Set-Cookie milti hai

    Tab close: default Flask session cookie browser close pe delete (session cookie). Permanent session alag hota hai.
    Incognito: cookies isolated, isliye logged-in nahi dikhega.
    SECRET_KEY se session sign hota hai — key nahi to session insecure/kaam nahi karega.

  68. 68
    Hashing vs Encryption.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleHash one-way hai (wapas nahi nikalta), Encryption two-way hai (decrypt ho sakta hai).

    Hashing: password store. werkzeug generate_password_hash. Same input → same hash, lekin hash se password nahi milta.
    Encryption: data chhupana aur baad mein padhna. Key se decrypt. Example: HTTPS, file encryption.

    Password hashing isliye: DB leak ho to attacker ko seedha password na mile. Salt add hota hai taaki same password ka hash alag ho.
    Kabhi password encrypt mat karo — decrypt hona security bug hai.

  69. 69
    Why Password Hashing is important.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePassword DB mein plain text mat rakho — hash store karo jo reverse nahi hota.

    from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
user.password = generate_password_hash(request.form['password'])
check_password_hash(user.password, form_password)

    Hashing ≠ encryption. Leak pe bhi original password nahi milta (easy passwords rainbow table se — isliye salt + strong hash).
    Column String(200) kyunki hash lamba hota hai. unique=True password pe mat lagao.

  70. 70
    Implement Password Hashing.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePassword DB mein plain text mat rakho — hash store karo jo reverse nahi hota.

    from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
user.password = generate_password_hash(request.form['password'])
check_password_hash(user.password, form_password)

    Hashing ≠ encryption. Leak pe bhi original password nahi milta (easy passwords rainbow table se — isliye salt + strong hash).
    Column String(200) kyunki hash lamba hota hai. unique=True password pe mat lagao.

  71. 71
    What is a Decorator in Python?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple@app.route URL ko Python function se jodta hai. @ wala cheez decorator hai.

    @app.route('/hello/<name>', methods=['GET'])
def hello(name):
    return f'Hello {name}'

    Decorator function ko wrap karke extra behaviour deta hai (route register, login_required).
    Endpoint generally function name. Path /hello/Ram.
    <int:id> type converter — sirf integer. Bina converter string. ID chahiye to int safer.
    methods=['POST'] only POST. Default GET.
    functools.wraps custom decorator mein original function name/docs preserve karta hai.

  72. 72
    Types of Software Testing.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleTesting code sahi hai verify. Unit = chhote functions, Integration = route+DB, System = poora flow.

    Pytest: test_*.py, assert. Markers: @pytest.mark.slow skip/select. Keywords: pytest -k login.
    Unit testing se regression kam, viva ke alawa CI mein fayda. Manual: demo scenarios (overbook, blacklist).

  73. 73
    thead tbody th Meaning of required attribute.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleForm user input server ko bhejti hai. Table rows/columns dikhati hai.

    <form action="{{ url_for('register') }}" method='POST' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
  <input name='email' required>
  <button type='submit'>Go</button>
</form>

    name attribute server pe key ban'ti hai: request.form['email']. id JS/CSS, value default/dikhta hua text.
    action URL. method GET/POST. enctype file upload pe multipart.
    required frontend empty submit rokta hai (backend phir bhi check).

    <table><thead><tr><th>Name</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>{{ u.name }}</td></tr></tbody></table>

    th header, td data, tr row. Nested table: td ke andar table (avoid, messy).
    method hataoge to GET, password URL mein — buri baat.

  74. 74
    What improvements can be made to the project?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simple2-3 honest improvements + 1 security + 1 UX.

    Example

    password hashing/CSRF tighter, Redis cache, tests, pagination, email verify, rate limit login, better mobile CSS.

    Challenges: relationships/cascade, concurrent booking, Jinja inheritance.
    Rate: 7-8/10 with reason — 10/10 arrogant, 3/10 confidence khatam.
    Security extra: HTTPS, hashed passwords, CSRF, SQL injection (ORM), login attempts, file type check.

  75. 75
    Explain API usage in the project.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAPI = Application Programming Interface — do systems predefined rules se baat karti hain. REST API HTTP + JSON use karti hai.

    Controller/route HTML bhi return kar sakta hai. REST API generally JSON return karti hai, frontend alag ho (Vue/Postman).

    Example

    @app.route('/api/users/<int:id>')
def get_user(id):
    u = User.query.get_or_404(id)
    return jsonify(id=u.id, name=u.name)

    MAD1 HTML apps mein 'API' kabhi-kabhi routes ko hi keh dete hain. Agar Vue nahi to bolo: server-rendered Flask, JSON APIs optional.
    Boolean return: technically jsonify(True) ho sakta hai, lekin meaningful JSON object better. Flask view None return kare to error.
    Test: Postman se GET/POST.
    Parsing: request.get_json() body se, request.args query se.

  76. 76
    Explain JavaScript used in Flash Messages.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleflash() ek baar dikhne wala message session mein store karta hai — 'Login successful'.

    flash('Invalid password', 'danger')

    Template

    {% with messages = get_flashed_messages(with_categories=True) %}

    JS se auto-hide bhi kar sakte ho.
    SECRET_KEY chahiye kyunki flash session use karta hai.

  77. 77
    Explain pagination implementation.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  78. 78
    ID Card verification.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCamera pe clearly IITM/college ID dikhao — naam photo match.

    Pehle se ID haath mein rakho. Glare mat aane do. Examiner screenshot/verify karta hai. Iske baad GitHub + project run.

  79. 79
    GitHub verification.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleGitHub repo public/private policy ke hisaab, MAD-1 collaborator add, commits dikhao.

    Repo → Settings → Collaborators → instructor added.
    Commits: git log / GitHub History — regular commits better, ek dum 1 commit suspicious.
    README + report mein AI usage likha hona chahiye agar use kiya.

  80. 80
    Download, extract, and run the project.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleExaminer submitted ZIP chahta hai, local extra changes nahi.

    Portal se ZIP download → extract → venv → pip install -r requirements.txt → flask run / python app.py.
    Checksum maange to hash match karke dikhao. Camera/OPPE setup unke instructions.
    Linux/Mac: paths, gunicorn; Windows paths alag ho to relative paths use karo.
    Do browsers: admin + user parallel demo impressive lagta hai.

  81. 81
    Checksum verification.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleChecksum file ka hash (jaise SHA256) — file change hui ya nahi verify.

    Portal pe submitted ZIP ka checksum diya hota hai. Local file ka hash nikaalo, match hona chahiye.
    Linux: sha256sum project.zip
    Mismatch = galat file / corrupt download. Examiner integrity check karta hai ki tumhari submitted copy hi run ho rahi hai.

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Created for educational purposes only. Questions are based on students' personal experiences and may not reflect actual exam content.