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Proctor Level3_43

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272 Questions
33 Sets
0 Topics
11 Reviews
Tips for this examiner: Know the basics, prepare from the sheet, have confidence.

Student reviews

Anisha Bhargava MAD1

Shared viva questions from response sheet: First asked to show IITM ID verification.; Then asked for complete project demo.; What architecture are you using?

Questions remembered
  1. First asked to show IITM ID verification.
  2. Then asked for complete project demo.
  3. What architecture are you using?
  4. Explain MVC architecture in your project.
  5. How are controllers communicating/interacting with each other?
  6. Difference between Session and Cookies.
  7. Are you using Session-based or Token-based authentication?
  8. Why Session/Token? Which one is better and why?
  9. Difference between Authentication and Authorization.
  10. Is Admin authenticated or authorized?
  11. Explain your complete Database Schema.
  12. I explained all tables and relationships between tables.
  13. What did you use for frontend?
  14. What did you use for styling?
  15. Which CSS did you use?
  16. Types of CSS and which one is better?
  17. What are CSS selectors?
  18. Name/types of CSS selectors.
Kakh sb MAD1

He wasn't even paying attention to what I was saying

Questions remembered
  1. Level 2 viva
  2. Demo
  3. What architecture are you using
  4. Explain MVC
  5. Explain models
  6. Explain app.py
  7. What's a session?
  8. Did you use JWT or Session based authentication?
  9. Why did you choose session based authentication.
  10. How does session based auth work
  11. What's the difference between session and a cookie
  12. Explain login flow
  13. What's css and explain it's types
  14. What are css selectors, explain it's types
  15. Code change:
  16. Change width of an element
  17. Center an html element
Eram Nishat MAD1

If you get this proctor, you’re honestly quite lucky, as many people already mention. The viva is very fair and focuses on genuine understanding rather than tricky or confusing questions. As long as you have a clear grasp of the underlying logic, the theory part is easy to handle. Basic frontend knowledge is also a plus. If you’re comfortable making simple UI or HTML modifications, you’ll most likely manage the coding question without much difficulty.

Questions remembered
  1. • Proctor was genuinely polite and understanding
  2. • Viva duration was approximately 40 minutes
  3. • Questions focused on logic and theory
  4. • Almost all questions were from the viva PYQ sheet
  5. • Concluded with a request for one UI modification as a code change
Divyanshu MAD1

if you got him you are the lucky one. just follow the previous questions.

Questions remembered
  1. Level 2 :
  2. Demo ( just take much time in demo also)
  3. describe database schema,
  4. MVC,
  5. why session based over token,
  6. diff between cookie and session
  7. diff authentication and authorization
Nilay MAD1

Very chill proctor,aakshay is his name,he was great,didn't asked me any code exchange.he asked almost same qs like previous sheet,do check them,all is repeated.He even gave me feedback,great guy.You're lucky if u get him.Best of luck bro!

Questions remembered
  1. Level 2 Viva:
  2. Said to do demo of application and then basically asked-
  3. Describe your database design
  4. Explain architecture like MVC and your database models
  5. Describe how your authentication works
  6. Is authentication session based or token based
  7. What's is diff bw session and cookies
  8. What's the diff types of css and css selectors.
  9. And asked a schema qstn,that's it
  10. Literally
Susmita Bhattacherjee MAD1

He is very cool, calm and soft-spoken and supports a lot

Questions remembered
  1. Asked to show ID and then asked for project demo
  2. Which CSS you used? How many types of CSS are there? Which one is best to use?
  3. Which architecture you used? Explain in your code
  4. Difference between Authentication and Authorisation
  5. Basic difference between session and cookies
  6. How different routes communicates with each other?
  7. Explain your db schema
  8. Does all your datas are hard coded? If not, then how the data is populating
  9. CODE change: Asked to change UI of LOGIN page
Sheet response MAD1

He is a very cool and nice guy. No need to worry

Questions remembered
  1. 1)have good knowledge of the frontend 2)look at the questions he previously asked that would be enough
Anonymus MAD1

Explain your application in detail. The proctor was chill and cool but asked a lot of questions. My viva went around 45-50 minutes. Have full confidence in yourself and remain calm.

Questions remembered
  1. Level-2:
  2. (1) Demo of the project
  3. (2) What is CSS? Types of CSS Selectors?
  4. (3) Styling that you have used?
  5. (4) What are selectors and how many are there?
  6. (5) Code changes for UI (I made the changes and it worked too but I think the proctor wasn't satisfied with it)
  7. (6) What is Database schema and how have you implemented it in your code?
  8. (7) What architecture have you used?
  9. (8) Show the architecture in your code.
  10. (9) How to move from one controller to another?
  11. (10) Have you used session or token in you project?
  12. (11) What is session?
  13. (12) What is the difference between session and token?
  14. (13) How session is used in browser?
  15. At last I asked for the feedback?
Kavya Chouhan MAD1

Overall he was good, calm, and chill (but asked lots of questions🥱). Total duration around 45 mins

Questions remembered
  1. Demo
  2. How subject, chapters, quizzes etc working
  3. Have you used stylings? Which css? Types of css? Which one is better? What are selectors? How many types of selectors? Show any selectors you used.
  4. Center align search bar (I tried but not happening properly so he asked to do Google search but no gpt 🥲)
  5. Show me your authentication process? How are you doing authentication session or token? Which is better session or token?
  6. Explain your database schema
  7. Gave a leadership board scenario and asked how will you make database schema? Do you need to make separate table for it or not.
  8. What architecture are you using? Explain MVC? How are controllers interacting?
  9. In the end I asked for feedback
Amit MAD1

Shared viva questions from response sheet: Proctor Behaviour: Cool, Calm , talks softly; Demo of the whole app first.; Questions:

Questions remembered
  1. Proctor Behaviour: Cool, Calm , talks softly
  2. Demo of the whole app first.
  3. Questions:
  4. What architecture are you using?
  5. What is MVC?
  6. How did you implement it? (Explain the code)
  7. Explain the Database Schema.
  8. What did you use for frontend?
  9. What did you use for styling?
  10. What are CSS selectors?
  11. Name them
  12. Is your app token based or Session based?
  13. Why token based over session based?
  14. What are you using for authentication? (JWT)
  15. Explain the working of JWT in your code.
  16. What is the difference between Authentication and Authorisation.
  17. Is Admin authorised or authenticated?
  18. What is a Component?
  19. Is your code responsive?
  20. How is it responsive?
  21. Can you make it responsive without using CSS?
  22. What is template inheritance?
  23. How did you implement the search function?
  24. If you had to implement search suggestions in your code, what would be your approach?
  25. Code Changes: The Username and Password field in my Login page, he asked me to shift them to the exact centre of page.
Karthik Reddy MAD1

Shared viva questions from response sheet: demo; authentication and authorization; explain database schema

Questions remembered
  1. demo
  2. authentication and authorization
  3. explain database schema
  4. change login form to card and align to center
  5. frontend validation and backend validation
  6. username validate (must have @,one capital letter)
  7. search functionality using venue_location and tags

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  1. 1
    Proctor is very calm and chill. Not rude at all.
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    Then Redis Celery and the reminders.
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    Code Changes: The Dashboard Card in my Login page, he asked me to shift them to the exact centre of page. It was in the centre horizontally, but not vertically.
    Times asked 1
  4. 4
    His mic is a little poor, so I had to ask questions again and again.
    Times asked 2
Advice: Know the basics, prepare from the sheet, have confidence.
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  1. 1
    Proctor Behaviour: Cool, Calm , talks softly
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    Demo of the whole app first.
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    What architecture are you using?
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    How did you implement it? (Explain the code)
    Times asked 2
  5. 5
    Name them
    Times asked 2
  6. 6
    Is your app token based or Session based?
    Times asked 2
  7. 7
    What are you using for authentication? (JWT)
    Times asked 2
  8. 8
    Explain the working of JWT in your code.
    Times asked 2
  9. 9
    Is your code responsive?
    Times asked 2
  10. 10
    Code Changes: The Username and Password field in my Login page, he asked me to shift them to the exact centre of page.
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    The same as mentioned in the response sheet.
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    Infact, lesser.
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    Run through the app
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    Architecture used(MVC)
    Times asked 1
  5. 5
    Flow of MVC
    Times asked 1
  6. 6
    What changes to make in models to incorporate favourite songs(add a new favourites table)
    Times asked 2
  7. 7
    Was not asked to change any code
    Times asked 1
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  1. 1
    Entire Demo of the project.
    Times asked 1
  2. 2
    Single function component
    Times asked 4
  3. 3
    What architecture you have used in project?
    Times asked 1
  4. 4
    For styling what you have used ?(Bootstrap)
    Times asked 2
  5. 5
    Difference between Flex box and Grid
    Times asked 2
  6. 6
    Session vs token
    Times asked 2
  7. 7
    Session vs cookie
    Times asked 2
  8. 8
    Used Local API or Rest API ?
    Times asked 2
  9. 9
    Explain the process to create Rest API.
    Times asked 2
  10. 10
    Explain how you have used authentication token.
    Times asked 2
  11. 11
    [1 or 2 more simple questions. Can't recall]
    Times asked 2
  12. 12
    Not asked to change code. If your basics are clear then you can score well. All the best !
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    Note:- Thanks to this sheet, I got all the question which this proctor has asked before
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    Please Do Read the Sheet
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    1.Name, Demo of The Project, Code Walkthrough
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    4.CSS Selectors and its Type
    Times asked 2
  5. 5
    5.Template Inheritance[PART of MAD1 Jinja templates]
    Times asked 2
  6. 6
    6.How to Make a Vue Component
    Times asked 2
  7. 7
    7.Authentication Token Flow ? How it get generated
    Times asked 2
  8. 8
    8.Asked me how i would implement a like/ flag a song feature functionality
    Times asked 2
  9. 9
    9.Shimer Effect live implementation (😅😅)
    Times asked 2
  10. 10
    Most of the Question get repeated do read the excel sheet once
    Times asked 1
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  1. 1
    Explain the features of the app.
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    What you used for frontend ?
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    Is your app responsive & how you made it responsive (I said I used bootstrap) ?
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    How bootstrap makes the app responsive (adapt to different screensizes)? (I said using the flex display(.d-flex) in BS & used row & col classes property of BS & for tables .table-responsive class )
    Times asked 1
  5. 5
    What is authentication & authorisation ?
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    What architecture did you use?
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    Is your app responsive. Can you make it responsive(basically to make it adaptive on different screens)
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    Relationship schema
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    Algorithm used for jwt_token authorization
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    ---- same as previous ------- additionally he asked the fallowing------
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    asked about db model code
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    which architecture I'm using for my application(MCV)
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    what is MCV
    Times asked 1
  5. 5
    when do we need to clear the cache
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    How you are tokens ,,by which framework
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    first he asked to showcase all the features of the project
    Times asked 2
  2. 2
    what framework did use for the frontend
    Times asked 2
  3. 3
    why didnt use react
    Times asked 2
  4. 4
    what all frameworks u used in ur project
    Times asked 2
  5. 5
    did u use vue cdn or cli
    Times asked 1
  6. 6
    why did use cli over cdn
    Times asked 2
  7. 7
    is ur project responsive
    Times asked 2
  8. 8
    asked how did u implement the search function
    Times asked 2
  9. 9
    lastly he asked that consider the favorite features in website like if u want to marks a theatre as ur favorite then how would u do it, he want to the thought process
    Times asked 2
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  1. 1
    First asked to show IITM ID verification.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Then asked for complete project demo.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    How are controllers communicating/interacting with each other?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  4. 4
    I explained all tables and relationships between tables.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpledb.relationship se object graph: lot.spots, booking.user. backref reverse side auto deta hai.

    Example

    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', cascade='all, delete-orphan')
  5. 5
    Types of CSS and which one is better?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    Explain models
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  2. 2
    Explain app.py
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  3. 3
    How does session based auth work
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

  4. 4
    Explain login flow
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  5. 5
    What's css and explain it's types
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  6. 6
    Change width of an element
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

  7. 7
    Center an html element
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: He wasn't even paying attention to what I was saying
See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    • Proctor was genuinely polite and understanding
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    • Viva duration was approximately 40 minutes
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  3. 3
    • Questions focused on logic and theory
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleTheory = concepts: ORM, MVC, auth vs authz, Jinja inheritance, sessions. 1-line def + project example.

  4. 4
    • Almost all questions were from the viva PYQ sheet
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  5. 5
    • Concluded with a request for one UI modification as a code change
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: If you get this proctor, you’re honestly quite lucky, as many people already mention. The viva is very fair and focuses on genuine understanding rather than tricky or confusing questions. As long as you have a clear grasp of the underlying logic, the theory part is easy to handle. Basic frontend knowledge is also a plus. If you’re comfortable making simple UI or HTML modifications, you’ll most likely manage the coding question without much difficulty.
See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    Demo ( just take much time in demo also)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    describe database schema,
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  3. 3
    diff between cookie and session
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

Advice: if you got him you are the lucky one. just follow the previous questions.
See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    Said to do demo of application and then basically asked-
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Describe your database design
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  3. 3
    Describe how your authentication works
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  4. 4
    And asked a schema qstn,that's it
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  5. 5
    Literally
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

Advice: Very chill proctor,aakshay is his name,he was great,didn't asked me any code exchange.he asked almost same qs like previous sheet,do check them,all is repeated.He even gave me feedback,great guy.You're lucky if u get him.Best of luck bro!
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  1. 1
    Asked to show ID and then asked for project demo
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    Which CSS you used? How many types of CSS are there? Which one is best to use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.

  3. 3
    Does all your datas are hard coded? If not, then how the data is populating
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  4. 4
    CODE change: Asked to change UI of LOGIN page
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

Advice: He is very cool, calm and soft-spoken and supports a lot
See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    1)have good knowledge of the frontend 2)look at the questions he previously asked that would be enough
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

Advice: He is a very cool and nice guy. No need to worry
See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3
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  1. 1
    Level-2:
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    (3) Styling that you have used?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.

  3. 3
    (5) Code changes for UI (I made the changes and it worked too but I think the proctor wasn't satisfied with it)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  4. 4
    (6) What is Database schema and how have you implemented it in your code?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDatabase = organized data store. Example: SQLite file app.db with users, lots, bookings tables.

  5. 5
    (9) How to move from one controller to another?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  6. 6
    (10) Have you used session or token in you project?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

  7. 7
    (13) How session is used in browser?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

  8. 8
    At last I asked for the feedback?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

Advice: Explain your application in detail. The proctor was chill and cool but asked a lot of questions. My viva went around 45-50 minutes. Have full confidence in yourself and remain calm.
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  1. 1
    How subject, chapters, quizzes etc working
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  2. 2
    Gave a leadership board scenario and asked how will you make database schema? Do you need to make separate table for it or not.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

  3. 3
    In the end I asked for feedback
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

Advice: Overall he was good, calm, and chill (but asked lots of questions🥱). Total duration around 45 mins
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  1. 1
    Is your app token based or Session based?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

  2. 2
    Is your code responsive?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleResponsive = alag screen pe layout adjust. Bootstrap grid / media queries / flex.

    Example

    @media (max-width: 768px) {
  .sidebar { display: none; }
}
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  1. 1
    frontend validation and backend validation
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation = input rules: required, email format, length, unique. Frontend UX, backend security — dono.

    Example

    if not email or '@' not in email:
    flash('Invalid email')
    return redirect(request.url)
if User.query.filter_by(email=email).first():
    flash('Email taken')
  2. 2
    username validate (must have @,one capital letter)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleValidation = input rules: required, email format, length, unique. Frontend UX, backend security — dono.

    Example

    if not email or '@' not in email:
    flash('Invalid email')
    return redirect(request.url)
if User.query.filter_by(email=email).first():
    flash('Email taken')
  3. 3
    search functionality using venue_location and tags
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
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  1. 1
    Proctor is very calm and chill. Not rude at all.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    Then Redis Celery and the reminders.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleRedis box hai, Celery us box se kaam uthane wala worker hai — same cheez nahi.

    Redis: store (cache keys) + queue (broker lists).
    Celery: Python library jo tasks define karti hai, .delay() se queue mein daalti hai, worker execute karta hai.

    Dono localhost pe ho sakte hain. Alag Redis DB index use karo. Redis band = cache miss + Celery stuck.

    Example

    Celery: broker_url='redis://localhost:6379/0'
Cache:  CACHE_REDIS_URL='redis://localhost:6379/1'

    Project example: export_csv.delay(user_id) Flask se. Worker Redis se task uthata hai, CSV+email. Cache alag keys venues.

    Viva tipAgar possible ho to cache db=1, broker db=0 — keys mix nahi hoti.

  3. 3
    What is CORS in javascript?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDifferent origin Vue vs Flask — browser CORS check. Server Allow-Origin.

    Failed = frontend error even if curl works. Examiner curl vs browser.

    HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.

    Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.

    AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.

    Example

    from flask_cors import CORS
CORS(app, resources={r'/api/*': {'origins': 'http://localhost:8080'}})

    Project example: Flask-CORS localhost:8080.

  4. 4
    What is Ajax?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAJAX page reload ke bina server se data laata hai. Aaj kal fetch() + Promises.

    fetch('/api/users').then(r => r.json()).then(data => { ... })
    Promise: future value (pending/fulfilled/rejected). fetch Promise return karta hai.
    SPA (Vue): ek HTML, baaki routes JS se, partial update. MAD1 generally full page render (Jinja) — submit pe poora refresh.
    async/await Promise ka clean syntax.

  5. 5
    His mic is a little poor, so I had to ask questions again and again.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

Advice: Know the basics, prepare from the sheet, have confidence.
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  1. 1
    Proctor Behaviour: Cool, Calm , talks softly
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    Demo of the whole app first.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  3. 3
    How did you implement it? (Explain the code)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  4. 4
    Explain the Database Schema.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py har table ki class hai — columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Viva mein file khol ke bolo:
    1) Kaunsi classes/tables hain (User, Role-specific, Booking...)
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships: 1-1 / 1-M / M-M, backref, cascade, lazy
    4) Constraints: unique email, nullable, default status

    Example skeleton

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    role = db.Column(db.String(20), default='user')
    bookings = db.relationship('Booking', backref='user', cascade='all, delete-orphan')

    ER diagram: rectangles entities, lines relationships, PK/FK mark. Schema = yahi structure.
    Tables create: db.create_all() ya migrations. SQLite file SQL viewer se dikha sakte ho.

  5. 5
    Name them
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  6. 6
    What are you using for authentication? (JWT)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  7. 7
    Explain the working of JWT in your code.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  8. 8
    Is Admin authorised or authenticated?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  9. 9
    What is a Component?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  10. 10
    Can you make it responsive without using CSS?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Yeh live UI/CSS change hai. Examiner jo element bole uski CSS turant badlo.

    Bootstrap class badlo (btn-primary → btn-success, bg-dark → bg-warning) ya inline style='color:red; background:#eee'.
    Center: d-flex justify-content-center text-center. Navbar neeche: navbar fixed-bottom.

    Example

    <button class='btn btn-success' style='background:#16a34a'>Book</button>

    Pehle browser inspect karke class dhundo, phir template mein change karke refresh.

  11. 11
    If you had to implement search suggestions in your code, what would be your approach?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
  12. 12
    Code Changes: The Username and Password field in my Login page, he asked me to shift them to the exact centre of page.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

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  1. 1
    The same as mentioned in the response sheet.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    Infact, lesser.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleServer-Sent Events: server → browser one-way stream (text/event-stream). WebSocket full duplex hai; SSE simpler notifications ke liye.

    Example

    # client
const es = new EventSource('/stream');
es.onmessage = (e) => console.log(e.data);
  3. 3
    Run through the app
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simplevenv activate → dependencies → DB create/migrate → flask run. Browser pe localhost dikhao.

    Example

    python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
flask run
  4. 4
    DOM
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDOM HTML tree. JS nodes change. Vue Virtual DOM ke through, direct kam.

    Manipulation innerHTML vs Vue data. Remove CSS class = rules gone layout may collapse.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Inspect Elements. Vue devtools.

  5. 5
    What changes to make in models to incorporate favourite songs(add a new favourites table)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  6. 6
    Difference b/w session and cookies
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

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  1. 1
    Single function component
    Times asked 4
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  2. 2
    MVC
    Times asked 4
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC: Model=data (SQLAlchemy), View=Jinja HTML, Controller=Flask routes/business logic.

    Flask loosely MVC follow karta hai — routes controllers, templates views, models.py models.

  3. 3
    For styling what you have used ?(Bootstrap)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.

  4. 4
    Difference between Flex box and Grid
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleUngli rakhe to 4-line formula — panic ki jagah structure.

    1) File ka role: model / Flask route / Vue SFC / celery task / config
    2) Input kahan: JSON, params, token, props, $route
    3) Kya kaam: query, cache, validation, .delay()
    4) Output: jsonify, this.items, email, redirect

    Unknown keyword: import, decorator, if, commit — har ka reason. Bluff mat.

    Suggested flow1) Kaunsi layer?
    2) Input?
    3) DB/cache/task?
    4) Response/UI?

    Project example: Booking POST: jwt, seats check, commit, 201, Vue list push.

    Viva tipUnknown keyword: import, decorator, if, commit — har ka reason. Panic mat.

  5. 5
    Session vs token
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 mein usually session-based auth: login pe session['user_id'], har request pe verify.

    Example

    session['user_id'] = user.id
uid = session.get('user_id')
user = User.query.get(uid)

    Viva tipSECRET_KEY set karo warna session insecure. logout pe session.clear().

  6. 6
    Used Local API or Rest API ?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAPI = Application Programming Interface — do systems predefined rules se baat karti hain. REST API HTTP + JSON use karti hai.

    Controller/route HTML bhi return kar sakta hai. REST API generally JSON return karti hai, frontend alag ho (Vue/Postman).

    Example

    @app.route('/api/users/<int:id>')
def get_user(id):
    u = User.query.get_or_404(id)
    return jsonify(id=u.id, name=u.name)

    MAD1 HTML apps mein 'API' kabhi-kabhi routes ko hi keh dete hain. Agar Vue nahi to bolo: server-rendered Flask, JSON APIs optional.
    Boolean return: technically jsonify(True) ho sakta hai, lekin meaningful JSON object better. Flask view None return kare to error.
    Test: Postman se GET/POST.
    Parsing: request.get_json() body se, request.args query se.

  7. 7
    Explain the process to create Rest API.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  8. 8
    Explain how you have used authentication token.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  9. 9
    [1 or 2 more simple questions. Can't recall]
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  10. 10
    Not asked to change code. If your basics are clear then you can score well. All the best !
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleLive UI change: relevant CSS/HTML template kholo — color, margin, flex, bootstrap class. Save + hard refresh.

    Example

    /* button red */
.btn-primary { background: red; }

/* center navbar item */
.navbar { justify-content: center; }

    Viva tipDevTools se pehle try, phir file mein permanent change.

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  1. 1
    Note:- Thanks to this sheet, I got all the question which this proctor has asked before
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    Please Do Read the Sheet
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  3. 3
    1.Name, Demo of The Project, Code Walkthrough
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  4. 4
    2.Which Frontend framework di you use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleVue 2/3. package.json / script tag.

    Which frontend framework.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Vue.

    Project example: Vue.

  5. 5
    4.CSS Selectors and its Type
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCSS page ko style karti hai — color, layout, font. HTML structure, CSS look.

    h1 { color: navy; } .card { padding: 16px; } #logo { width: 80px; }
    Selectors: element (h3), class (.btn), id (#nav), pseudo (:hover).
    display:flex — ek line/row mein items, justify-content/align-items se center.
    Multiple classes: saari apply, conflict pe specificity/order.
    Responsive: media queries / Bootstrap grid. Bina CSS limited (old tables) — practically CSS chahiye.

  6. 6
    5.Template Inheritance[PART of MAD1 Jinja templates]
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleBase template pe navbar/footer, child pages {% extends %} + {% block %} se content bharte hain. DRY.

    Example

    {# base.html #}
{% block content %}{% endblock %}

{# home.html #}
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
  <h1>Home</h1>
{% endblock %}
  7. 7
    6.How to Make a Vue Component
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.

    Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.

    MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.

    Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.

    Example

    <!-- HelloWorld.vue -->
<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>

    Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.

    Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.

  8. 8
    7.Authentication Token Flow ? How it get generated
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  9. 9
    8.Asked me how i would implement a like/ flag a song feature functionality
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

  10. 10
    9.Shimer Effect live implementation (😅😅)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.

    Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
    2) Mere code mein kahan?
    3) Example / demo
    4) Edge case

    Example

    # related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect

    Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

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  1. 1
    Explain the features of the app.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  2. 2
    What you used for frontend ?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 frontend usually Jinja templates + HTML/CSS/Bootstrap (+ thoda JS). MAD2 pe Vue ho to clearly bolo.

  3. 3
    Is your app responsive & how you made it responsive (I said I used bootstrap) ?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.

  4. 4
    What are CSS selectors & types of CSS selectors ?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleelement .class #id [attr] pseudo. Specificity war. CSS selectors types.

    What are CSS selectors.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: .btn #app nav a:hover.

    Project example: .btn #app nav a:hover.

  5. 5
    How you implemented token based authentication ?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  6. 6
    What is authentication & authorisation ?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
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  1. 1
    What architecture did you use?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 typical: Browser → Flask routes → validate/auth → SQLAlchemy → SQLite → Jinja response.

    Suggested flowRequest → Route → Auth check → DB → render_template / redirect

  2. 2
    Is your app responsive. Can you make it responsive(basically to make it adaptive on different screens)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleResponsive = alag screen pe layout adjust. Bootstrap grid / media queries / flex.

    Example

    @media (max-width: 768px) {
  .sidebar { display: none; }
}
  3. 3
    Relationship schema
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simpledb.relationship se object graph: lot.spots, booking.user. backref reverse side auto deta hai.

    Example

    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', cascade='all, delete-orphan')
  4. 4
    Algorithm used for jwt_token authorization
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
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  1. 1
    ---- same as previous ------- additionally he asked the fallowing------
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

  2. 2
    asked me to explain the difference between Authorization and authentication
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).

    Example

    # auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
  3. 3
    asked about db model code
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
    4) Constraints (unique, nullable)

    Example

    class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
  4. 4
    which architecture I'm using for my application(MCV)
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 typical: Browser → Flask routes → validate/auth → SQLAlchemy → SQLite → Jinja response.

    Suggested flowRequest → Route → Auth check → DB → render_template / redirect

  5. 5
    what is caching
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    SimpleCache baar-baar DB/compute na karne ke liye result yaad rakhta hai.

    Browser cache, Flask cache, Redis. Example: dashboard counts 30 sec Redis mein.
    Cookies alag (client data). HTTP 304 Not Modified bhi cache related.
    MAD1 mein optional. Scale poochhe to pehle indexes + cache, phir extra servers.

  6. 6
    when do we need to clear the cache
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCache = pehli baar hisaab karke copy rakh lo, doosri baar copy dikha do.

    Baar-baar same expensive kaam (DB query, counting bookings) mat karo. Result Redis jaise store mein timeout ke saath rakh do.

    Cache hit: key mil gayi, DB skip. Cache miss: DB se lao, SET karo, return karo.

    Tradeoff: speed vs stale data. Admin naya venue add kare aur cache 50s ka ho to user purani list dekh sakta hai — isliye write pe invalidation zaroori hai.

    Browser cache, Flask-Caching, Redis alag layers hain. MAD2 examiner Redis + @cache.cached code dekhta hai.

    Example

    @cache.cached(timeout=50, query_string=True)
@app.route('/api/shows')
def shows():
    return jsonify([s.serialize() for s in Show.query.all()])

    Project example: Admin dashboard counts / venues list cache. Create/update/delete ke baad cache.delete('venues').

    Viva tipprint('DB queried') function ke andar laga ke miss/hit demo karo — hit pe print nahi chalega.

  7. 7
    what is redis
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCelery background tasks (email, CSV, reports) async chalaata hai. Redis broker/queue + cache.

    User 'Export' click → Celery task queue → Redis message → worker CSV banaata hai → user baad mein download.
    Saath isliye: Celery ko broker chahiye, Redis tez in-memory. MAD2 topic zyada, MAD1 mein optional.
    Priority: task queues/routing. Caching: Redis mein key-value, DB hits kam.
    Pub/Sub: publisher channel pe message, subscribers sunte hain — Redis yeh bhi karta hai.

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  1. 1
    How you are tokens ,,by which framework
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

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  1. 1
    first he asked to showcase all the features of the project
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search
    6) Logout

    Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.

  2. 2
    what framework did use for the frontend
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.

  3. 3
    why didnt use react
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCourse stack Vue/Jinja prescribe. React bhi SPA — similar components/state. Constraint + learning goal.

  4. 4
    what is vue
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.

    Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.

    MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.

    Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.

    Example

    <!-- HelloWorld.vue -->
<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>

    Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.

    Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.

  5. 5
    why did u use vue
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.

    Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.

    MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.

    Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.

    Example

    <!-- HelloWorld.vue -->
<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>

    Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.

    Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.

  6. 6
    what all frameworks u used in ur project
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.

  7. 7
    why did use cli over cdn
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCDN = Vue script tag se, jaise pen drive. CLI/Vite = poori factory (SFC, npm, bundle).

    CDN: no build, chhote apps, exam PC pe Node nahi to bhi chal. Weak: no .vue compile, 3rd-party cache, scale/team.

    CLI/Vite: Single File Components, env, code-split, production dist/. Scalable.

    Examiner 'which + why' — jo use kiya wahi justify, doosra naam rato mat.

    Example

    <!-- CDN -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3/dist/vue.global.js"></script>

# Vite
npm run dev
npm run build

    Project example: CDN: index.html unpkg vue. CLI: package.json, npm run serve / vite.

    Viva tipCDN scalable large teams ke liye weak (no SFC compile, caching 3rd party). Examiner 'which + why' poochta hai — jo use kiya wahi justify karo.

  8. 8
    is ur project responsive
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleResponsive = alag screen pe layout adjust. Bootstrap grid / media queries / flex.

    Example

    @media (max-width: 768px) {
  .sidebar { display: none; }
}
  9. 9
    what did u use css or bootstrap
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.

  10. 10
    how did u make it responsive
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.

    Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.

  11. 11
    asked how did u implement the search function
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
  12. 12
    asked to make a change in the frontend, he asked to put the login form or field for userid password and login button in a card and place the card in the middle of the page or in other words vertically and horizontally center aligned
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleORM = Object Relational Mapping. Tables → Python classes. Raw SQL kam likhte ho.

    Example

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)

User.query.get(5)  # SELECT ... WHERE id=5
  13. 13
    lastly he asked that consider the favorite features in website like if u want to marks a theatre as ur favorite then how would u do it, he want to the thought process
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleProject overview: problem → roles → main entities → key flows (register, book, admin approve).

    Viva tip1 minute elevator pitch ready rakho, phir demo.

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  1. 1
    Demonstrate your complete project.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo 5–7 min ki kahani: saari roles, koi milestone skip nahi, bolte-bolte dikhao.

    Examiner list tick karta hai. Crash ho to panic nahi — terminal error padho.

    Code tab kholna jab poochhein. Extra uncommitted features mat dikhana agar portal ZIP mein nahi.

    Suggested flow1) Register/login user
    2) Admin login — CRUD
    3) Approval/blacklist
    4) Booking/apply + edge case
    5) Search + charts
    6) CSV export / email job
    7) Logout

    Project example: Jo statement/parking/jobs/tickets hai uske user+admin journeys.

    Viva tipBol: 'Yahan overbooking rokta hoon'. Mandatory features pehle, polish baad.

  2. 2
    Walk through your codebase.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleOrder models → APIs/auth → celery → Vue router/pages → fetch.

    Each layer 1 example. Entire codebase request.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Suggested flow1) models.py
    2) auth login/JWT
    3) CRUD
    4) cache
    5) celery
    6) Vue + store

    Project example: 6 file tour.

  3. 3
    Explain your database schema.
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    SimpleTables + lines (FK) + 1-M / M-M. Draw mentally, phir models.py.

    Har class: PK, important columns, relationships. Why normalized (no duplicate venue name in every show as only string without FK).

    Indexes search columns. Unique email. Cascade policy bookings pe.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: User-Role M-M. User-Booking 1-M. Venue-Show 1-M. Show-Booking 1-M.

  4. 4
    Explain how you implemented the search functionality.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch demo cases.

    See earlier essay.

    Examiner 2 cheezein: simple desi line + tumhare project ki exact file.

    Pehle ID, GitHub, portal ZIP. Phir run: Redis + Flask + worker + beat + Vue. Feature demo: login, RBAC, cache hit/miss, Celery mail, search.

    Line pe ungli: input kahan, kaunsa check, query/cache/task, JSON/UI. Copilot band. Jo nahi kiya honestly bolo + kaise add karte.

    Example

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
items = Venue.query.filter(Venue.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
return jsonify([v.serialize() for v in items])

    Project example: UI + API.

    Viva tipEmpty search, no-match, case-insensitive (ilike) teen cases dikhao.

  5. 5
    How would you implement search suggestions?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDebounce 300ms API ?q= prefix LIMIT 10 dropdown. Cache popular.

    How implement search suggestions.

    MAD2 architecture: Vue SPA (client) → HTTP JSON → Flask API (server) → SQLAlchemy DB. Side path: Flask → Redis broker → Celery worker → MailHog/CSV.

    Client-server alag ports. State: Vue memory + LS token. Persistent: SQLite. Cache: Redis. MVC-ish: models.py, API views, Vue templates.

    Scale: more workers, Postgres, cache, not 'bigger SQLite file'.

    Project example: watch query.

    Project example: watch query.

  6. 6
    How would you implement a Favorites/Likes feature (e.g., favorite theatre/show/song)?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleM-M User↔Show favorite. POST /api/favorites GET list Vue heart. Modify model favorites.

    How implement Favorites/Likes.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: association table unique(user_id,item_id).

  7. 7
    What architecture have you used in your application?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleClient-server SPA + background workers. Boxes: Vue | HTTP JSON | Flask | SQLite | Redis | Celery.

    Not microservices. Layered REST. Cache aur queue extra.

    Scale story alag: gunicorn, Postgres, more workers.

    MAD2 architecture: Vue SPA (client) → HTTP JSON → Flask API (server) → SQLAlchemy DB. Side path: Flask → Redis broker → Celery worker → MailHog/CSV.

    Client-server alag ports. State: Vue memory + LS token. Persistent: SQLite. Cache: Redis. MVC-ish: models.py, API views, Vue templates.

    Scale: more workers, Postgres, cache, not 'bigger SQLite file'.

    Suggested flowBrowser Vue → HTTP JSON → Flask → SQLAlchemy → DB
    Extra: Redis cache; Celery via Redis

    Project example: Draw 6 boxes viva mein. Point to folders.

  8. 8
    Explain the MVC architecture and its flow.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleModel-View-Controller separation of concerns.

    Map folders. Vue is V. Flask routes C. models M.

    MAD2 architecture: Vue SPA (client) → HTTP JSON → Flask API (server) → SQLAlchemy DB. Side path: Flask → Redis broker → Celery worker → MailHog/CSV.

    Client-server alag ports. State: Vue memory + LS token. Persistent: SQLite. Cache: Redis. MVC-ish: models.py, API views, Vue templates.

    Scale: more workers, Postgres, cache, not 'bigger SQLite file'.

    Example

    Vue Booking.vue → POST /api/book → Booking model → jsonify → this.bookings.push

    Project example: See architecture essay.

  9. 9
    Which frontend framework did you use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleVue 2/3. package.json / script tag.

    Which frontend framework.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Vue.

    Project example: Vue.

  10. 10
    Why did you choose Vue instead of React?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleCourse + SFC + docs + SPA milestone. React bhi SPA conceptually.

    Frontend design: role dashboards, navbar reuse, charts admin.

    SPA = ek HTML, Vue Router se views, full reload nahi. MPA = MAD1 Jinja har URL naya HTML.

    Vue Router: routes array, router-view, router-link, meta.auth + beforeEach guard. Dynamic /venues/:id → $route.params.id.

    Vite/CLI SFC + npm build dist/. CDN script tag, no SFC. Jo tumne use kiya wahi justify. Flask send_from_directory('dist') production pattern.

    Project example: package.json vue. Don't trash React.

  11. 11
    What is Vue?
    Times asked 6
    Official solution

    SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.

    Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.

    MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.

    Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.

    Example

    <!-- HelloWorld.vue -->
<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>

    Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.

    Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.

  12. 12
    Why did you choose Vue?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCourse + SFC + docs + SPA milestone. React bhi SPA conceptually.

    Frontend design: role dashboards, navbar reuse, charts admin.

    SPA = ek HTML, Vue Router se views, full reload nahi. MPA = MAD1 Jinja har URL naya HTML.

    Vue Router: routes array, router-view, router-link, meta.auth + beforeEach guard. Dynamic /venues/:id → $route.params.id.

    Vite/CLI SFC + npm build dist/. CDN script tag, no SFC. Jo tumne use kiya wahi justify. Flask send_from_directory('dist') production pattern.

    Project example: package.json vue. Don't trash React.

  13. 13
    Vue CLI vs Vue CDN. Which one did you use and why?
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    SimpleCDN = Vue script tag se, jaise pen drive. CLI/Vite = poori factory (SFC, npm, bundle).

    CDN: no build, chhote apps, exam PC pe Node nahi to bhi chal. Weak: no .vue compile, 3rd-party cache, scale/team.

    CLI/Vite: Single File Components, env, code-split, production dist/. Scalable.

    Examiner 'which + why' — jo use kiya wahi justify, doosra naam rato mat.

    Example

    <!-- CDN -->
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3/dist/vue.global.js"></script>

# Vite
npm run dev
npm run build

    Project example: CDN: index.html unpkg vue. CLI: package.json, npm run serve / vite.

    Viva tipCDN scalable large teams ke liye weak (no SFC compile, caching 3rd party). Examiner 'which + why' poochta hai — jo use kiya wahi justify karo.

  14. 14
    How do you create a Vue component?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFile.vue export default, import parent/router, register.

    Create from scratch live.

    Component = reusable UI block (Navbar, Card). Props parent→child data, emit child→parent event. Slots parent HTML inner content.

    computed cache + reactive derive (filtered list). watch side-effect (query change pe API). methods events. ref() primitive, reactive() object. Vuex/Pinia global store; localStorage persist, store nahi.

    SFC: template + script + style ek .vue file. Parent-child exam favourite: list parent, row child :item + @delete.

    Example

    import Home from './views/Home.vue'
{ path: '/', component: Home }

    Project example: components/Hello.vue.

  15. 15
    What is a Single File Component (SFC)?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleSFC ek .vue file: template + script + style. Reusable scoped CSS.

    Pages route-level. Components andar. Vue 2 one root; Vue 3 fragments.

    Component = reusable UI block (Navbar, Card). Props parent→child data, emit child→parent event. Slots parent HTML inner content.

    computed cache + reactive derive (filtered list). watch side-effect (query change pe API). methods events. ref() primitive, reactive() object. Vuex/Pinia global store; localStorage persist, store nahi.

    SFC: template + script + style ek .vue file. Parent-child exam favourite: list parent, row child :item + @delete.

    Example

    <template><div>{{ venue.name }}</div></template>
<script>export default { props: ['venue'] }</script>
<style scoped>.card{padding:8px}</style>

    Project example: VenueCard.vue props. views/Home.vue page.

  16. 16
    What is Template Inheritance (MAD1/Jinja)?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD1 base.html {% block %}. Vue App.vue Navbar + router-view har page.

    How implement template inheritance in Vue navbar every page.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: App.vue.

  17. 17
    Is your application responsive?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleYes bootstrap grid / partial. Show resize. Honest.

    Is your application responsive.

    Look: Bootstrap utility classes (margin m-3, flex, grid) ya khud CSS. Responsive = media query / Bootstrap breakpoints se mobile.

    Vue scoped style leak nahi. :class binding. Examiner colour/button live change maange to DevTools nahi, source class dikhao.

    CSS ≠ Bootstrap. Bootstrap CSS+JS framework. Inline style last resort.

    Project example: Narrow window.

    Project example: Narrow window.

  18. 18
    How did you make your application responsive?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap grid viewport meta flex wrap test 320px. Tables scroll.

    How made responsive. Is responsive? Show resize.

    Look: Bootstrap utility classes (margin m-3, flex, grid) ya khud CSS. Responsive = media query / Bootstrap breakpoints se mobile.

    Vue scoped style leak nahi. :class binding. Examiner colour/button live change maange to DevTools nahi, source class dikhao.

    CSS ≠ Bootstrap. Bootstrap CSS+JS framework. Inline style last resort.

    Project example: col-md-6. meta viewport index.html.

    Project example: col-md-6. meta viewport index.html.

  19. 19
    Can you make your application responsive without using CSS?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleNot really — even tables need CSS. Browser defaults insufficient. Without CSS possible? No meaningful.

    Can make responsive without CSS? No.

    Look: Bootstrap utility classes (margin m-3, flex, grid) ya khud CSS. Responsive = media query / Bootstrap breakpoints se mobile.

    Vue scoped style leak nahi. :class binding. Examiner colour/button live change maange to DevTools nahi, source class dikhao.

    CSS ≠ Bootstrap. Bootstrap CSS+JS framework. Inline style last resort.

    Project example: Don't claim magic.

  20. 20
    What styling framework did you use (CSS or Bootstrap)?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleBootstrap utilities and/or custom.css. Grid responsive. Colors variables.

    d-flex container btn navbar. Custom for brand. Chart.js alag.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Inspect a button class. bootstrap CDN or npm.

  21. 21
    Difference between Flexbox and CSS Grid.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFlex 1D nav items. Grid 2D dashboard cards.

    Bootstrap row col also grid-ish.

    Look: Bootstrap utility classes (margin m-3, flex, grid) ya khud CSS. Responsive = media query / Bootstrap breakpoints se mobile.

    Vue scoped style leak nahi. :class binding. Examiner colour/button live change maange to DevTools nahi, source class dikhao.

    CSS ≠ Bootstrap. Bootstrap CSS+JS framework. Inline style last resort.

    Project example: Navbar flex. Admin cards row.

    Project example: Navbar flex. Admin cards row.

  22. 22
    What are CSS selectors? Name their types.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleelement .class #id [attr] pseudo. Specificity war. CSS selectors types.

    What are CSS selectors.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: .btn #app nav a:hover.

    Project example: .btn #app nav a:hover.

  23. 23
    What is DOM?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDOM HTML tree. JS nodes change. Vue Virtual DOM ke through, direct kam.

    Manipulation innerHTML vs Vue data. Remove CSS class = rules gone layout may collapse.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Inspect Elements. Vue devtools.

  24. 24
    What is DOM Manipulation?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleDOM HTML tree. JS nodes change. Vue Virtual DOM ke through, direct kam.

    Manipulation innerHTML vs Vue data. Remove CSS class = rules gone layout may collapse.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: Inspect Elements. Vue devtools.

  25. 25
    How is token-based authentication implemented in your application?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleIssue, store, send, verify signature+exp, identity=sub.

    Invalid 401. Role claim extra. Refresh optional — most student apps nahi.

    Authentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password hash check. Success pe JWT/session. Galat credentials = 401.
    Authorization: uske baad role. Admin hi venue/lot delete kare, student nahi = 403 (logged in ho, allowed nahi).

    MAD2: POST /api/login = authentication. @jwt_required identity. @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization. Frontend hide sirf UX — asli deny backend pe.

    Validation alag: form sahi bhara (email format, age 18+). Woh identity prove nahi karta. Password store hash (Werkzeug), JWT payload padha ja sakta hai isliye secret mat daalo.

    Project example: Walk one request Network.

  26. 26
    Explain the JWT authentication flow.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleJWT teen tukde ki signed chitthi: header.payload.signature. Padhi ja sakti hai, badli nahi ja sakti.

    Encoded (Base64) + signed, encrypted nahi (JWE alag). Payload mein password mat daalo — koi jwt.io pe dekh lega.

    Login pe server secret se HMAC (HS256). Har API Authorization: Bearer <token>.
    Expiry exp. Change payload → signature fail → 401.

    Session MAD1 server yaad rakhta. JWT MAD2 client rakhta, server stateless-ish.

    Example

    eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.{"sub":1,"role":"admin"}.signature
# Authorization: Bearer <token>

    Project example: POST /login → token LS. fetch interceptor header. @jwt_required APIs.

    Viva tipAlgo HS256. Secret env var. jwt.io pe payload dikhao, secret public site pe mat paste.

  27. 27
    Which framework/library did you use for token generation?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleNamed from requirements. import line dikhao.

    Which framework/library token.

    Authentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password hash check. Success pe JWT/session. Galat credentials = 401.
    Authorization: uske baad role. Admin hi venue/lot delete kare, student nahi = 403 (logged in ho, allowed nahi).

    MAD2: POST /api/login = authentication. @jwt_required identity. @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization. Frontend hide sirf UX — asli deny backend pe.

    Validation alag: form sahi bhara (email format, age 18+). Woh identity prove nahi karta. Password store hash (Werkzeug), JWT payload padha ja sakta hai isliye secret mat daalo.

    Project example: Don't say both if one.

  28. 28
    What is the algorithm used by JWT?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleUsually HS256 HMAC-SHA256 symmetric secret. RS256 asymmetric optional.

    Header alg. Don't accept none.

    Authentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password hash check. Success pe JWT/session. Galat credentials = 401.
    Authorization: uske baad role. Admin hi venue/lot delete kare, student nahi = 403 (logged in ho, allowed nahi).

    MAD2: POST /api/login = authentication. @jwt_required identity. @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization. Frontend hide sirf UX — asli deny backend pe.

    Validation alag: form sahi bhara (email format, age 18+). Woh identity prove nahi karta. Password store hash (Werkzeug), JWT payload padha ja sakta hai isliye secret mat daalo.

    Project example: jwt.io header {alg:HS256}.

  29. 29
    Difference between Authentication and Authorization.
    Times asked 20
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password check karke prove karte ho ki tum genuine user ho. Success pe session/token milta hai.
    Authorization: uske baad role check. Admin hi parking lot / venue / drive delete kar sakta hai, normal user nahi.

    MAD2 mein yeh alag layers hain: login API = authentication (JWT milta hai). @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization.

    Validation alag cheez hai (form sahi bhara hai ya nahi, jaise age 18+). Authentication identity hai, authorization permission, validation input quality.

    Example

    # Authentication
if user and check_password_hash(user.password, form_password):
    token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)

# Authorization
if current_user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)  # logged in ho, lekin allowed nahi

    Project example: Student login = authentication. Student admin dashboard nahi khol sakta = authorization. Frontend button hide sirf UX hai — asli check backend pe hona chahiye.

    Viva tip401 = not logged in / bad token. 403 = logged in, role galat. Examiner yeh difference bahut poochta hai.

  30. 30
    Is an Admin authenticated or authorized?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAdmin authenticated (logged in) AND authorized (role admin). Words matter.

    Is admin authenticated or authorized? Both.

    Authentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password hash check. Success pe JWT/session. Galat credentials = 401.
    Authorization: uske baad role. Admin hi venue/lot delete kare, student nahi = 403 (logged in ho, allowed nahi).

    MAD2: POST /api/login = authentication. @jwt_required identity. @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization. Frontend hide sirf UX — asli deny backend pe.

    Validation alag: form sahi bhara (email format, age 18+). Woh identity prove nahi karta. Password store hash (Werkzeug), JWT payload padha ja sakta hai isliye secret mat daalo.

    Project example: 401 vs 403 demo.

  31. 31
    Why did you use token-based authentication instead of session-based authentication?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSession school id card office mein rakha. Token photocopy jo tum har baar dikhate ho.

    Session: Set-Cookie, server store, MAD1 Flask-Login. CSRF risk cookies auto-send.

    Token/JWT: SPA + alag port Vue/Flask, scale easy, mobile. XSS if localStorage.

    MAD2 typically JWT/Flask-Security token. httpOnly cookie safer lekin CORS+CSRF extra.

    Example

    # session
login_user(user)  # Set-Cookie
# token
return jsonify(token=create_access_token(identity=user.id))

    Project example: login jsonify token. Vue LS. MAD1 session cookie nahi dikhana unless used.

    Viva tipToken localStorage XSS risk; httpOnly cookie safer. Session CSRF risk. MAD2 APIs ke liye JWT/Flask-Security token common.

  32. 32
    Difference between Session and Token authentication.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSession school id card office mein rakha. Token photocopy jo tum har baar dikhate ho.

    Session: Set-Cookie, server store, MAD1 Flask-Login. CSRF risk cookies auto-send.

    Token/JWT: SPA + alag port Vue/Flask, scale easy, mobile. XSS if localStorage.

    MAD2 typically JWT/Flask-Security token. httpOnly cookie safer lekin CORS+CSRF extra.

    Example

    # session
login_user(user)  # Set-Cookie
# token
return jsonify(token=create_access_token(identity=user.id))

    Project example: login jsonify token. Vue LS. MAD1 session cookie nahi dikhana unless used.

    Viva tipToken localStorage XSS risk; httpOnly cookie safer. Session CSRF risk. MAD2 APIs ke liye JWT/Flask-Security token common.

  33. 33
    Difference between Session and Cookies.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCookie transport. Session server data us cookie id se. Theme cookie bina server session.

    Auth session cookie httpOnly. JWT often not a cookie in MAD2.

    Authentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password hash check. Success pe JWT/session. Galat credentials = 401.
    Authorization: uske baad role. Admin hi venue/lot delete kare, student nahi = 403 (logged in ho, allowed nahi).

    MAD2: POST /api/login = authentication. @jwt_required identity. @roles_required('admin') ya Vue v-if="isAdmin" = authorization. Frontend hide sirf UX — asli deny backend pe.

    Validation alag: form sahi bhara (email format, age 18+). Woh identity prove nahi karta. Password store hash (Werkzeug), JWT payload padha ja sakta hai isliye secret mat daalo.

    Project example: Agar JWT LS: cookies empty explain. Agar Flask-Login: session cookie dikhao.

  34. 34
    Did you use Local APIs or REST APIs?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMAD2 REST JSON. Local = same origin functions. Bolo REST + endpoint.

    Not SOAP.

    HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.

    Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.

    AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.

    Project example: GET /api/venues.

    Project example: GET /api/venues.

  35. 35
    How do you create a REST API?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleResource class or @app.route methods. GET list POST create GET id PUT DELETE. Status auth errors.

    How do you create a REST API.

    HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.

    Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.

    AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.

    Project example: Write one now pattern.

  36. 36
    What is AJAX?
    Times asked 4
    Official solution

    SimpleAJAX = page reload ke bina server se baat. Technique ka naam, library nahi.

    Purana XMLHttpRequest. Aaj fetch() / Axios. Vue SPA poori AJAX pe chalti hai — JSON aata, v-for render.

    AJAX ≠ jQuery. Fetch native API. Axios library interceptors ke saath.

    HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.

    Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.

    AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.

    Example

    const res = await fetch('/api/venues')
const data = await res.json()

    Project example: mounted() mein fetch('/api/venues') — yeh AJAX hai.

    Viva tipAJAX technique hai, Fetch modern API hai. Axios library hai uske upar.

  37. 37
    What is CORS?
    Times asked 8
    Official solution

    SimpleDifferent origin Vue vs Flask — browser CORS check. Server Allow-Origin.

    Failed = frontend error even if curl works. Examiner curl vs browser.

    HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.

    Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.

    AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.

    Example

    from flask_cors import CORS
CORS(app, resources={r'/api/*': {'origins': 'http://localhost:8080'}})

    Project example: Flask-CORS localhost:8080.

  38. 38
    What is caching?
    Times asked 23
    Official solution

    SimpleCache = pehli baar hisaab karke copy rakh lo, doosri baar copy dikha do.

    Baar-baar same expensive kaam (DB query, counting bookings) mat karo. Result Redis jaise store mein timeout ke saath rakh do.

    Cache hit: key mil gayi, DB skip. Cache miss: DB se lao, SET karo, return karo.

    Tradeoff: speed vs stale data. Admin naya venue add kare aur cache 50s ka ho to user purani list dekh sakta hai — isliye write pe invalidation zaroori hai.

    Browser cache, Flask-Caching, Redis alag layers hain. MAD2 examiner Redis + @cache.cached code dekhta hai.

    Example

    @cache.cached(timeout=50, query_string=True)
@app.route('/api/shows')
def shows():
    return jsonify([s.serialize() for s in Show.query.all()])

    Project example: Admin dashboard counts / venues list cache. Create/update/delete ke baad cache.delete('venues').

    Viva tipprint('DB queried') function ke andar laga ke miss/hit demo karo — hit pe print nahi chalega.

  39. 39
    What is Redis?
    Times asked 21
    Official solution

    SimpleRedis fridge pe sticky note hai — poori kitchen (database) kholne ki zarurat nahi.

    Redis in-memory key-value store hai. Data RAM mein rehta hai, isliye disk wale SQLite/Postgres se kai guna tez.

    MAD2 mein Redis do kaam karta hai:
    1) Cache — same venue/show/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se mat nikaalo.
    2) Celery message broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.

    Source of truth database hi hai. Redis band ho to cache miss ho jaata hai aur Celery queue ruk sakti hai. Crash pe cache gayab ho sakta hai — isliye important data sirf Redis mein mat rakho.

    Example

    import redis
r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=0)
r.set('venues', json.dumps(data), ex=30)
print(r.get('venues'))

    Project example: GET /api/venues pehle Redis dekho. Miss pe SQLAlchemy query, phir SET with timeout. Celery worker Redis list se daily reminder uthata hai.

    Viva tipCache ke liye db=1, broker ke liye db=0 rakhna smart hai taaki keys mix na hon. Viva mein redis-cli ping → PONG dikhana strong hai.

  40. 40
    When should cache be cleared?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCache = pehli baar hisaab karke copy rakh lo, doosri baar copy dikha do.

    Baar-baar same expensive kaam (DB query, counting bookings) mat karo. Result Redis jaise store mein timeout ke saath rakh do.

    Cache hit: key mil gayi, DB skip. Cache miss: DB se lao, SET karo, return karo.

    Tradeoff: speed vs stale data. Admin naya venue add kare aur cache 50s ka ho to user purani list dekh sakta hai — isliye write pe invalidation zaroori hai.

    Browser cache, Flask-Caching, Redis alag layers hain. MAD2 examiner Redis + @cache.cached code dekhta hai.

    Example

    @cache.cached(timeout=50, query_string=True)
@app.route('/api/shows')
def shows():
    return jsonify([s.serialize() for s in Show.query.all()])

    Project example: Admin dashboard counts / venues list cache. Create/update/delete ke baad cache.delete('venues').

    Viva tipprint('DB queried') function ke andar laga ke miss/hit demo karo — hit pe print nahi chalega.

  41. 41
    Center the login form/card both vertically and horizontally.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleLive CSS/Vue: sabse chhota change jo dikhe. Logic/API mat todo unless poochhein.

    Inspect element se class dhoondo. btn-success, navbar bottom fixed, center flex.

    Save, refresh, dikhao. Break mat karo layout poora.

    Example

    <button class="btn btn-success">Login</button>
nav { position: fixed; bottom: 0; width: 100%; }
.wrap { min-height: 100vh; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; }

    Project example: Jo button/navbar poocha usi file (Navbar.vue / App.vue / css).

    Viva tipDevTools se element inspect. Logic/API mat todo unless poochhein.

  42. 42
    Implement a shimmer loading effect.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleloading skeleton CSS grey bars until fetch. Implement shimmer loading.

    v-if loading shimmer else data.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: css animation.

    Project example: css animation.

  43. 43
    Modify the database model to support a Favorites feature.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleM-M User↔Show favorite. POST /api/favorites GET list Vue heart. Modify model favorites.

    How implement Favorites/Likes.

    Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).

    4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.

    Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.

    Project example: association table unique(user_id,item_id).

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  1. 1
    Demo of the complete application.
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleDemo script pehle se practice karo, 5-7 minute, saari roles.

    Suggested flow

    1) Register/login user 2) Admin login — CRUD 3) Approval/blacklist 4) Booking/apply 5) Search 6) Validation edge (slots 0, duplicate) 7) Logout
    Bolte-bolte dikhao: 'Yahan overbooking rokta hoon'. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.
    Crash ho to debug calmly: terminal error, typo, DB path.
    Mandatory features skip mat karna — examiner list tick karta hai.

  2. 2
    Explain how subjects, chapters, quizzes, etc. work in your project.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  3. 3
    What architecture are you using?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  4. 4
    Explain MVC architecture.
    Times asked 9
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  5. 5
    How have you implemented MVC in your project?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  6. 6
    Show the MVC architecture in your code.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleMVC = Model-View-Controller. Code ko 3 hisson mein baant ta hai taaki mix na ho.

    Model: data + DB. models.py — User, Trek, Booking classes.
    View: jo user dekhta hai. templates/*.html + Jinja.
    Controller: beech ka logic. routes / app.py — request lo, model se data, view ko do.

    Example flow (register):
    Browser form POST → Controller register() → User model save → redirect → View dashboard.html

    Draw: Browser → Controller → Model → DB, phir Controller → View → Browser.
    ORM na ho to bhi MVC ho sakta hai — Model raw SQL functions ho sakte hain. Structure matter karta hai, library nahi.
    MVP/MVVM doosri architectures hain; MAD1 mein MVC expected hai.

  7. 7
    How do controllers communicate/interact with each other?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRoutes/controllers URLs handle karte hain. app.py app banata hai, models.py data, templates/ views, static/ CSS-JS.

    Typical structure:
    app.py / __init__.py → Flask app, db.init, register blueprints
    models.py → tables
    routes.py / views → @app.route functions
    templates/ → Jinja HTML
    static/ → css, images
    instance/*.db → SQLite

    Ek route explain karne ka template:
    1) URL + methods 2) Auth/role check 3) Form/query se data 4) Business rule (duplicate, slots) 5) db.session 6) render ya redirect

    Example GET+POST same route: GET form, POST save.
    Data HTML se: form name= → request.form. Data HTML ko: render_template(..., items=query).
    Nayi .py file: import karke use karo, warna Flask ko pata nahi. Folder rename: imports/paths/templates check.

  8. 8
    How do different routes communicate with each other?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  9. 9
    Explain your database schema.
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py har table ki class hai — columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Viva mein file khol ke bolo:
    1) Kaunsi classes/tables hain (User, Role-specific, Booking...)
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships: 1-1 / 1-M / M-M, backref, cascade, lazy
    4) Constraints: unique email, nullable, default status

    Example skeleton

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    role = db.Column(db.String(20), default='user')
    bookings = db.relationship('Booking', backref='user', cascade='all, delete-orphan')

    ER diagram: rectangles entities, lines relationships, PK/FK mark. Schema = yahi structure.
    Tables create: db.create_all() ya migrations. SQLite file SQL viewer se dikha sakte ho.

  10. 10
    Explain all tables and their relationships.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleRelationships tables ko jodti hain taaki related data object se mil jaaye.

    One-to-Many: User → kai Posts. posts = relationship('Post', backref='author'). FK post.user_id.
    One-to-One: User → Profile. uselist=False + unique FK. Profile.user_id unique.
    Many-to-Many: Student ↔ Drive. Junction/secondary table (student_id, drive_id).

    Example 1-1:

    class Profile(db.Model):
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user.id'), unique=True)
    user = db.relationship('User', back_populates='profile', uselist=False)

    1-M ko 1-1: child FK pe unique=True + uselist=False.
    Parent-child: parent PK, child FK. Junction table extra columns bhi rakh sakti hai (applied_on).

  11. 11
    How is data populated if it is not hardcoded?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  12. 12
    Design a database schema for a leaderboard. Would you create a separate table? Why?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simplemodels.py har table ki class hai — columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.

    Viva mein file khol ke bolo:
    1) Kaunsi classes/tables hain (User, Role-specific, Booking...)
    2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
    3) Relationships: 1-1 / 1-M / M-M, backref, cascade, lazy
    4) Constraints: unique email, nullable, default status

    Example skeleton

    class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    role = db.Column(db.String(20), default='user')
    bookings = db.relationship('Booking', backref='user', cascade='all, delete-orphan')

    ER diagram: rectangles entities, lines relationships, PK/FK mark. Schema = yahi structure.
    Tables create: db.create_all() ya migrations. SQLite file SQL viewer se dikha sakte ho.

  13. 13
    What frontend technology did you use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  14. 14
    What styling approach did you use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  15. 15
    Which CSS did you use?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCSS page ko style karti hai — color, layout, font. HTML structure, CSS look.

    h1 { color: navy; } .card { padding: 16px; } #logo { width: 80px; }
    Selectors: element (h3), class (.btn), id (#nav), pseudo (:hover).
    display:flex — ek line/row mein items, justify-content/align-items se center.
    Multiple classes: saari apply, conflict pe specificity/order.
    Responsive: media queries / Bootstrap grid. Bina CSS limited (old tables) — practically CSS chahiye.

  16. 16
    What are CSS selectors?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCSS page ko style karti hai — color, layout, font. HTML structure, CSS look.

    h1 { color: navy; } .card { padding: 16px; } #logo { width: 80px; }
    Selectors: element (h3), class (.btn), id (#nav), pseudo (:hover).
    display:flex — ek line/row mein items, justify-content/align-items se center.
    Multiple classes: saari apply, conflict pe specificity/order.
    Responsive: media queries / Bootstrap grid. Bina CSS limited (old tables) — practically CSS chahiye.

  17. 17
    Name the different types of CSS selectors.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCSS 3 tarikon se lagti hai, priority Inline > Internal > External (same specificity pe).

    Inline: style='color:red' element pe. Highest priority, lekin reuse nahi. Debugging mushkil.
    Internal: <style> tag HTML head mein. Us page tak limited.
    External: style.css file. Large project ke liye best — ek jagah change, saari pages update.

    Example same button pe teeno:
    /* external */ .btn { color: blue; }
    /* internal */ .btn { color: green; }
    <!-- inline --> <button class='btn' style='color:red'> → red jeetega

    ID (#box) class (.btn) se strong, class element (button) se strong.
    !important sabko override karta hai — avoid karo.
    Large project: external CSS preferred.

  18. 18
    What are the types of CSS?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCSS 3 tarikon se lagti hai, priority Inline > Internal > External (same specificity pe).

    Inline: style='color:red' element pe. Highest priority, lekin reuse nahi. Debugging mushkil.
    Internal: <style> tag HTML head mein. Us page tak limited.
    External: style.css file. Large project ke liye best — ek jagah change, saari pages update.

    Example same button pe teeno:
    /* external */ .btn { color: blue; }
    /* internal */ .btn { color: green; }
    <!-- inline --> <button class='btn' style='color:red'> → red jeetega

    ID (#box) class (.btn) se strong, class element (button) se strong.
    !important sabko override karta hai — avoid karo.
    Large project: external CSS preferred.

  19. 19
    Which type of CSS is better and why?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh live UI/CSS change hai. Examiner jo element bole uski CSS turant badlo.

    Bootstrap class badlo (btn-primary → btn-success, bg-dark → bg-warning) ya inline style='color:red; background:#eee'.
    Center: d-flex justify-content-center text-center. Navbar neeche: navbar fixed-bottom.

    Example

    <button class='btn btn-success' style='background:#16a34a'>Book</button>

    Pehle browser inspect karke class dhundo, phir template mein change karke refresh.

  20. 20
    Is your application responsive?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  21. 21
    Can you make it responsive without using CSS?
    Times asked 2
    Official solution

    Yeh live UI/CSS change hai. Examiner jo element bole uski CSS turant badlo.

    Bootstrap class badlo (btn-primary → btn-success, bg-dark → bg-warning) ya inline style='color:red; background:#eee'.
    Center: d-flex justify-content-center text-center. Navbar neeche: navbar fixed-bottom.

    Example

    <button class='btn btn-success' style='background:#16a34a'>Book</button>

    Pehle browser inspect karke class dhundo, phir template mein change karke refresh.

  22. 22
    What is template inheritance?
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    Simpleextends poora layout inherit karta hai, include chhota piece insert karta hai.

    extends: child page base.html ka structure use karti hai, blocks override karti hai. Ek hi parent.
    include: navbar.html / footer.html jahan chaho insert. Kai baar use ho sakta hai.

    base.html:

    {% block content %}{% endblock %}

home.html:
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}<h1>Home</h1>{% endblock %}

{% include 'navbar.html' %}  → navbar har page pe

    Fayda: header/footer ek jagah, change once — saari pages update. MAD1 mein almost har project use karta hai.

  23. 23
    What is a component?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.

    Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'

    Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'

    Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.

  24. 24
    Are you using Session-based or Token-based authentication?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFlask session request-across data store karta hai, generally signed cookie mein.

    session['user_id'] = user.id
    uid = session.get('user_id')
    session.clear() # logout

    Type: dictionary-like (SecureCookieSession). SECRET_KEY se sign — tamper detect.
    Store kahan: default client cookie. Server-side Redis/filesystem bhi laga sakte ho.
    Browser storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. Session cookie tab-close pe jaa sakti hai.
    Remember-me: permanent session ya alag token cookie.

  25. 25
    Why did you choose Session/Token?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFlask session request-across data store karta hai, generally signed cookie mein.

    session['user_id'] = user.id
    uid = session.get('user_id')
    session.clear() # logout

    Type: dictionary-like (SecureCookieSession). SECRET_KEY se sign — tamper detect.
    Store kahan: default client cookie. Server-side Redis/filesystem bhi laga sakte ho.
    Browser storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. Session cookie tab-close pe jaa sakti hai.
    Remember-me: permanent session ya alag token cookie.

  26. 26
    Which is better: Session or Token? Why?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFlask session request-across data store karta hai, generally signed cookie mein.

    session['user_id'] = user.id
    uid = session.get('user_id')
    session.clear() # logout

    Type: dictionary-like (SecureCookieSession). SECRET_KEY se sign — tamper detect.
    Store kahan: default client cookie. Server-side Redis/filesystem bhi laga sakte ho.
    Browser storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. Session cookie tab-close pe jaa sakti hai.
    Remember-me: permanent session ya alag token cookie.

  27. 27
    What is Session?
    Times asked 3
    Official solution

    SimpleFlask session request-across data store karta hai, generally signed cookie mein.

    session['user_id'] = user.id
    uid = session.get('user_id')
    session.clear() # logout

    Type: dictionary-like (SecureCookieSession). SECRET_KEY se sign — tamper detect.
    Store kahan: default client cookie. Server-side Redis/filesystem bhi laga sakte ho.
    Browser storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. Session cookie tab-close pe jaa sakti hai.
    Remember-me: permanent session ya alag token cookie.

  28. 28
    How does Session work in the browser?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleFlask session request-across data store karta hai, generally signed cookie mein.

    session['user_id'] = user.id
    uid = session.get('user_id')
    session.clear() # logout

    Type: dictionary-like (SecureCookieSession). SECRET_KEY se sign — tamper detect.
    Store kahan: default client cookie. Server-side Redis/filesystem bhi laga sakte ho.
    Browser storage: cookies, localStorage, sessionStorage. Session cookie tab-close pe jaa sakti hai.
    Remember-me: permanent session ya alag token cookie.

  29. 29
    What is the difference between Session and Cookies?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleCookie browser mein save hoti hai, Session server pe data rakhta hai aur browser ko sirf ID deta hai.

    Cookie: key-value browser pe. JS padh sakta hai (agar HttpOnly nahi). Size chhoti (~4KB).
    Session: server-side dict. Flask default mein session data signed cookie mein hi store hota hai (client pe, lekin tamper-proof).

    Example

    session['user_id'] = 12 # login ke baad
    # browser ko Set-Cookie milti hai

    Tab close: default Flask session cookie browser close pe delete (session cookie). Permanent session alag hota hai.
    Incognito: cookies isolated, isliye logged-in nahi dikhega.
    SECRET_KEY se session sign hota hai — key nahi to session insecure/kaam nahi karega.

  30. 30
    What is the difference between Authentication and Authorization?
    Times asked 4
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password check karke prove karte ho ki tum genuine user ho. Success pe session/token milta hai.
    Authorization: uske baad role check. Admin hi parking lot delete kar sakta hai, normal user nahi.

    Example (Flask):
    # Authentication

    if user and check_password_hash(user.password, form_password):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# Authorization
if session.get('role') != 'admin':
    abort(403)  # logged in ho, lekin allowed nahi

    Project example: student login = authentication. Student admin dashboard nahi khol sakta = authorization.
    Validation alag cheez hai (form sahi bhara hai ya nahi, jaise age 18+).

  31. 31
    What authentication method are you using? (JWT)
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleJWT = JSON Web Token — signed string jisme user id/role hota hai. Har request header mein jaata hai. Session server pe store, JWT client pe.

    Login → server token deta hai → Authorization: Bearer <token>
    Payload: {sub: user_id, role: admin, exp: ...} — padha ja sakta hai, change nahi (signature).
    Session: browser cookie, server-rendered Flask ke liye simple.
    Token: mobile/Vue SPA, scaling (server memory nahi). Store: memory/httpOnly cookie, localStorage XSS risk.
    MAD1 mostly session. Flask-Security session+login, JWT APIs ke liye.

  32. 32
    Explain how JWT works in your project.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleJWT = JSON Web Token — signed string jisme user id/role hota hai. Har request header mein jaata hai. Session server pe store, JWT client pe.

    Login → server token deta hai → Authorization: Bearer <token>
    Payload: {sub: user_id, role: admin, exp: ...} — padha ja sakta hai, change nahi (signature).
    Session: browser cookie, server-rendered Flask ke liye simple.
    Token: mobile/Vue SPA, scaling (server memory nahi). Store: memory/httpOnly cookie, localStorage XSS risk.
    MAD1 mostly session. Flask-Security session+login, JWT APIs ke liye.

  33. 33
    Is Admin authenticated or authorized?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleAuthentication poochta hai "tu kaun hai?", Authorization poochta hai "tujhe yeh kaam karne ki permission hai?"

    Authentication: login. Username + password check karke prove karte ho ki tum genuine user ho. Success pe session/token milta hai.
    Authorization: uske baad role check. Admin hi parking lot delete kar sakta hai, normal user nahi.

    Example (Flask):
    # Authentication

    if user and check_password_hash(user.password, form_password):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# Authorization
if session.get('role') != 'admin':
    abort(403)  # logged in ho, lekin allowed nahi

    Project example: student login = authentication. Student admin dashboard nahi khol sakta = authorization.
    Validation alag cheez hai (form sahi bhara hai ya nahi, jaise age 18+).

  34. 34
    How did you implement the search functionality?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    SimpleSearch box GET form, backend query filter, results template mein.

    q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
results = Doctor.query.filter(Doctor.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all() if q else []
return render_template('search.html', results=results, q=q)

    Jinja: {{ results|length }} matches. Empty: 'No results'.
    JS-only filter: saara data pehle load, client filter — chhote lists. Bada data: server search.
    Search generally GET (shareable URL). Count: len(results) ya db.func.count.

  35. 35
    If you had to implement search suggestions, what approach would you follow?
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh live coding / notepad task hai. Chhota, correct Flask snippet likho.

    from flask import Flask, render_template, request, redirect, url_for
@app.route('/do', methods=['GET','POST'])
def do():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # request.form.get('field') ya request.args.get('q')
        # db.session.add(...); commit
        return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))
    items = Model.query.all()
    return render_template('page.html', items=items)

    Jinja: {% for x in items %}<li>{{ x.name }}</li>{% endfor %}
    ID URL: @app.route('/item/<int:id>')

  36. 36
    Explain the implementation of your code.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  37. 37
    Explain the authentication flow in your code.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Examiner code pe ungli rakh ke poochta hai — panic mat karo, 4-line formula bolo.

    1) Yeh file/line kya role hai (model / route / template / config)?
    2) Input kahan se aata hai (form, URL <id>, session, JSON)?
    3) DB pe kya query/write?
    4) Output kya (render_template / redirect / jsonify)?

    Example

    @app.route('/book/<int:id>', methods=['POST']) — logged-in user session se, trek id URL se, Booking add, slots--, redirect history.

    Unknown line: imports (request, url_for, flash), decorators, if checks, commit — har keyword ka reason ready rakho.

  38. 38
    Center-align the Login page (Username & Password fields).
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleexaminer UI tweak maangta hai — CSS class ya inline, instantly dikhao.

    Button color: <button class='btn btn-success'> ya style='background:#22c55e;color:#fff'
    Navbar: navbar-dark bg-success / style='background:yellow' / fixed-bottom se neeche.
    Center: .wrap { display:flex; justify-content:center; align-items:center; min-height:100vh; }
    text-align:center heading ke liye. Bootstrap: d-flex justify-content-center, mx-auto, text-center.
    Hover: .btn:hover { opacity:0.8; transform:scale(1.02); }
    Half width: class='col-6' ya width:50%. Row→column: flex-direction:column / col-12 stack.
    Login card: card shadow p-4 mx-auto (max-width:400px).
    Table header green: th { background:green; color:white; } Bold column: td:nth-child(2){font-weight:bold}
    Box shadow: box-shadow: 4px 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
    Background image: body { background: url('/static/bg.jpg') center/cover; }
    Reset button: <button type='reset'>Clear</button>
    Move button: ms-auto / position / flex order.
    Jinja dashboard heading: <h1>{{ user.name }}'s Dashboard</h1>

  39. 39
    Convert the Login form into a centered card layout.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleexaminer UI tweak maangta hai — CSS class ya inline, instantly dikhao.

    Button color: <button class='btn btn-success'> ya style='background:#22c55e;color:#fff'
    Navbar: navbar-dark bg-success / style='background:yellow' / fixed-bottom se neeche.
    Center: .wrap { display:flex; justify-content:center; align-items:center; min-height:100vh; }
    text-align:center heading ke liye. Bootstrap: d-flex justify-content-center, mx-auto, text-center.
    Hover: .btn:hover { opacity:0.8; transform:scale(1.02); }
    Half width: class='col-6' ya width:50%. Row→column: flex-direction:column / col-12 stack.
    Login card: card shadow p-4 mx-auto (max-width:400px).
    Table header green: th { background:green; color:white; } Bold column: td:nth-child(2){font-weight:bold}
    Box shadow: box-shadow: 4px 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
    Background image: body { background: url('/static/bg.jpg') center/cover; }
    Reset button: <button type='reset'>Clear</button>
    Move button: ms-auto / position / flex order.
    Jinja dashboard heading: <h1>{{ user.name }}'s Dashboard</h1>

  40. 40
    Center-align the Search Bar.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Simpleexaminer UI tweak maangta hai — CSS class ya inline, instantly dikhao.

    Button color: <button class='btn btn-success'> ya style='background:#22c55e;color:#fff'
    Navbar: navbar-dark bg-success / style='background:yellow' / fixed-bottom se neeche.
    Center: .wrap { display:flex; justify-content:center; align-items:center; min-height:100vh; }
    text-align:center heading ke liye. Bootstrap: d-flex justify-content-center, mx-auto, text-center.
    Hover: .btn:hover { opacity:0.8; transform:scale(1.02); }
    Half width: class='col-6' ya width:50%. Row→column: flex-direction:column / col-12 stack.
    Login card: card shadow p-4 mx-auto (max-width:400px).
    Table header green: th { background:green; color:white; } Bold column: td:nth-child(2){font-weight:bold}
    Box shadow: box-shadow: 4px 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.3);
    Background image: body { background: url('/static/bg.jpg') center/cover; }
    Reset button: <button type='reset'>Clear</button>
    Move button: ms-auto / position / flex order.
    Jinja dashboard heading: <h1>{{ user.name }}'s Dashboard</h1>

  41. 41
    Make a UI modification on the Login page.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
  42. 42
    Ask the proctor for feedback at the end.
    Times asked 1
    Official solution

    Yeh MAD-1 viva question tumhare project ke context se linked hai. Short answer is structure se do:

    Pehle 1 line definition/purpose, phir tumhare project ka example, phir chhota code/flow.

    Typical Flask flowBrowser request → @app.route controller → SQLAlchemy model/DB → Jinja template response.

    Auth: session['user_id'] + role check. CRUD: add/commit, query.all, field update, delete.
    Live change maange to: related model → route → template, phir browser refresh karke dikhao.

    Example (generic create):
    obj = Model(name=request.form.get('name'))

    db.session.add(obj); db.session.commit()
return redirect(url_for('list_view'))
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Created for educational purposes only. Questions are based on students' personal experiences and may not reflect actual exam content.