Search – Lazy IITians Viva Prep

See reviews Level2_87 MAD1 Level 2

Aug 14, 2026

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1
Introduce yourself and what are you doing

Times asked 1
Official solution

Simple30 second: naam, degree, project kya hai, stack (Flask + Jinja + SQLAlchemy + SQLite).
Example
```
Main Priya, IITM BS. MAD1 mein parking/ticket app — Flask backend, Jinja templates, session login, SQLite.
```
2

Checked the checksum file… told to download from portal and installed dependencies

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleExaminer portal wala submitted ZIP chahta hai. Local extra changes mat dikhana.
Suggested flow1) Portal ZIP download
2) Extract
3) venv + pip install -r requirements.txt
4) flask run / python app.py
3
Asked to explain the project including the celery functions and the export theatre functions like which library you have to used to convert into csv file

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleCelery = background naukri. HTTP request ko 10 second email bhejne ke liye mat rokna.
Distributed task queue: aap function ko abhi nahi, worker process mein later/retry/schedule pe chalaate ho.
MAD2 typical jobs: daily reminder mail, monthly HTML report, user-triggered CSV export.
Web request 200ms hona chahiye. 10,000 emails request thread mein = timeout. Worker alag CPU pe kaam kare.
Redis broker chahiye. Beat alag process schedule ke liye.
Example
```
@celery.task
def daily_reminder():
    for u in User.query.filter_by(active=True):
        send_mail(u.email, 'Book something today!')
```
Project example: User Export click → 202 Accepted. Worker CSV + email. Daily 6pm Beat reminder.
Viva tipWorker + Redis bina Beat ke user-triggered chalega. Scheduled jobs ke liye Beat bhi chahiye.
4
Asked why I have so many vue files

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
5

Difference between components and pages

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimplePages route-level views. Components reusable inside. Dono .vue.
Difference components and pages.
Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).
4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.
Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.
Project example: views/ vs components/.
Project example: views/ vs components/.
6

What did you like the most frontend or backend. What you did for it

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleMAD1 frontend usually Jinja templates + HTML/CSS/Bootstrap (+ thoda JS). MAD2 pe Vue ho to clearly bolo.
7
Why used vue not jinja and html

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleJinja2 Flask ka template engine — HTML ke andar {{ }} variables, {% %} logic.
Example
```
{% for lot in lots %}
  <li>{{ lot.name }} — {{ lot.spots }}</li>
{% else %}
  <p>No lots</p>
{% endfor %}
```
8

Why not used reactjs

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCourse stack Vue/Jinja prescribe. React bhi SPA — similar components/state. Constraint + learning goal.
9

What is benefit of vue over react

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCourse + SFC templates. React industry also fine. Advantages Vue over React. Why didn't React.
Don't trash React.
SPA = ek HTML, Vue Router se views, full reload nahi. MPA = MAD1 Jinja har URL naya HTML.
Vue Router: routes array, router-view, router-link, meta.auth + beforeEach guard. Dynamic /venues/:id → $route.params.id.
Vite/CLI SFC + npm build dist/. CDN script tag, no SFC. Jo tumne use kiya wahi justify. Flask send_from_directory('dist') production pattern.
Project example: Taught Vue.
10
Do you feel you can improve security of the application. What can you do for it

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.
Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
2) Mere code mein kahan?
3) Example / demo
4) Edge case
Example
```
# related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect
```
Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.
11

What is your confidence on javascript and frontend technologies Nothing related to coding asked

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.

See reviews Level3_43 MAD1 Level 3

Aug 14, 2026

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1

first he asked to showcase all the features of the project

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.
Suggested flow1) Register/login user
2) Admin login — CRUD
3) Approval/blacklist
4) Booking/apply + edge case
5) Search
6) Logout
Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.
2

what framework did use for the frontend

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.
3

why didnt use react

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCourse stack Vue/Jinja prescribe. React bhi SPA — similar components/state. Constraint + learning goal.
4
what is vue

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
5
why did u use vue

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
6

what all frameworks u used in ur project

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.
7
why did use cli over cdn

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleCDN = Vue script tag se, jaise pen drive. CLI/Vite = poori factory (SFC, npm, bundle).
CDN: no build, chhote apps, exam PC pe Node nahi to bhi chal. Weak: no .vue compile, 3rd-party cache, scale/team.
CLI/Vite: Single File Components, env, code-split, production dist/. Scalable.
Examiner 'which + why' — jo use kiya wahi justify, doosra naam rato mat.
Example
```

<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@3/dist/vue.global.js"></script>

# Vite
npm run dev
npm run build
```
Project example: CDN: index.html unpkg vue. CLI: package.json, npm run serve / vite.
Viva tipCDN scalable large teams ke liye weak (no SFC compile, caching 3rd party). Examiner 'which + why' poochta hai — jo use kiya wahi justify karo.
8
is ur project responsive

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleResponsive = alag screen pe layout adjust. Bootstrap grid / media queries / flex.
Example
```
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .sidebar { display: none; }
}
```
9

what did u use css or bootstrap

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleBootstrap CSS framework — grid, navbar, buttons jaldi. CDN ya downloaded files.
10

how did u make it responsive

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
11
asked how did u implement the search function

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleSearch: form/query param → ilike filter → results template.
Example
```
q = request.args.get('q', '').strip()
lots = Lot.query.filter(Lot.name.ilike(f'%{q}%')).all()
```
12
asked to make a change in the frontend, he asked to put the login form or field for userid password and login button in a card and place the card in the middle of the page or in other words vertically and horizontally center aligned

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleORM = Object Relational Mapping. Tables → Python classes. Raw SQL kam likhte ho.
Example
```
class User(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True)

User.query.get(5)  # SELECT ... WHERE id=5
```
13

lastly he asked that consider the favorite features in website like if u want to marks a theatre as ur favorite then how would u do it, he want to the thought process

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleProject overview: problem → roles → main entities → key flows (register, book, admin approve).
Viva tip1 minute elevator pitch ready rakho, phir demo.

See reviews 88 MAD1 Level 1

Aug 14, 2026

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1

Technologies used in the app

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleStack bolo: Python, Flask, Jinja2, SQLAlchemy, SQLite, HTML/CSS/Bootstrap, maybe Chart.js.
2
Api header/ how auth token sent to api

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleJWT teen tukde ki signed chitthi: header.payload.signature. Padhi ja sakti hai, badli nahi ja sakti.
Encoded (Base64) + signed, encrypted nahi (JWE alag). Payload mein password mat daalo — koi jwt.io pe dekh lega.
Login pe server secret se HMAC (HS256). Har API Authorization: Bearer <token>.
Expiry exp. Change payload → signature fail → 401.
Session MAD1 server yaad rakhta. JWT MAD2 client rakhta, server stateless-ish.
Example
```
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.{"sub":1,"role":"admin"}.signature
# Authorization: Bearer <token>
```
Project example: POST /login → token LS. fetch interceptor header. @jwt_required APIs.
Viva tipAlgo HS256. Secret env var. jwt.io pe payload dikhao, secret public site pe mat paste.
3
What's CORS?

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleDifferent origin Vue vs Flask — browser CORS check. Server Allow-Origin.
Failed = frontend error even if curl works. Examiner curl vs browser.
HTTP verbs + status REST ki zabaan. GET read, POST create, PUT replace, PATCH partial, DELETE remove. GET typically no body.
Status: 200 OK, 201 created, 202 accepted (Celery task), 400 bad input, 401 no/bad token, 403 role nahi, 404 missing, 409 conflict (double book), 500 server.
AJAX/fetch page reload nahi. SPA poori isi pe. Postman se bina Vue ke API prove karo — examiner pasand.
Example
```
from flask_cors import CORS
CORS(app, resources={r'/api/*': {'origins': 'http://localhost:8080'}})
```
Project example: Flask-CORS localhost:8080.
4
What's cron job

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleCron/crontab = schedule pe job. Celery Beat app-level cron (daily email). OS crontab alag.
Example
```
crontab(hour=18, minute=0)  # har din 6pm
```
5

Is there any parent child component used?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleParent-child: parent template mein child component. Props parent→child, emit child→parent.
6
Routes in vue

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
7

Advantages of vue/react over javascript kind of app

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleGentle curve, SFC, docs, reactivity, chhota vs Angular. Over React: HTML templates, course.
Over plain JS: components router ecosystem.
SPA = ek HTML, Vue Router se views, full reload nahi. MPA = MAD1 Jinja har URL naya HTML.
Vue Router: routes array, router-view, router-link, meta.auth + beforeEach guard. Dynamic /venues/:id → $route.params.id.
Vite/CLI SFC + npm build dist/. CDN script tag, no SFC. Jo tumne use kiya wahi justify. Flask send_from_directory('dist') production pattern.
Project example: Justify Vue not React: taught + time.
8

Explain the Crontab statement in the celery schedule

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
9
How login/ authentication used in your app

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleAuthentication: tu kaun hai? (login). Authorization: tujhe permission hai? (role check).
Example
```
# auth
if check_password_hash(user.password, pwd):
    session['user_id'] = user.id

# authz
if user.role != 'admin':
    abort(403)
```
10

Did you use slots in your app?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleYes modal body / no layout router-view. Honest. router-view slot-like outlet.
Did you use Slots.
Component = reusable UI block (Navbar, Card). Props parent→child data, emit child→parent event. Slots parent HTML inner content.
computed cache + reactive derive (filtered list). watch side-effect (query change pe API). methods events. ref() primitive, reactive() object. Vuex/Pinia global store; localStorage persist, store nahi.
SFC: template + script + style ek .vue file. Parent-child exam favourite: list parent, row child :item + @delete.
Project example: Open slot if any.
11
Validation in the form

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleValidation = input rules: required, email format, length, unique. Frontend UX, backend security — dono.
Example
```
if not email or '@' not in email:
    flash('Invalid email')
    return redirect(request.url)
if User.query.filter_by(email=email).first():
    flash('Email taken')
```
12

Caching

Times asked 4

Official solution

SimpleCache baar-baar DB/compute na karne ke liye result yaad rakhta hai.
Browser cache, Flask cache, Redis. Example: dashboard counts 30 sec Redis mein.
Cookies alag (client data). HTTP 304 Not Modified bhi cache related.
MAD1 mein optional. Scale poochhe to pehle indexes + cache, phir extra servers.
13

Difference of using local storage and cookies

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleLS never auto-sent. Cookies auto to domain CSRF surface. Difference LS and Cookies.
JWT LS not in Cookie header.
Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).
4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.
Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.
Project example: Network Cookie vs LS.
Project example: Network Cookie vs LS.
14

Checked routes.js file

Times asked 2

Official solution

Definition style question: 1 line simple Hinglish + project example + mini code.
Template'X ka kaam Y hai. Mere project mein Z jagah use hua.'
Example'Session login state rakhta hai. session[user_id]=u.id login pe, logout pe session.clear().'
Agar topic Vue/Celery/Redis ho aur project mein nahi hai to sach bolo, theory example do.
15
Authentication type(rbac) how it's implemented

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleRBAC = Role Based Access Control. Roles (admin/user) se permissions milti hain, har user pe alag list nahi.
Example
```
if current_user.role != 'admin':
    flash('Not allowed')
    return redirect(url_for('user.home'))
```
16
Booking with more number of seats than available seats

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.
Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
2) Mere code mein kahan?
3) Example / demo
4) Edge case
Example
```
# related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect
```
Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.

See reviews proctor_101 MAD1 Level 1

Aug 14, 2026

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Copy set link

1

Told me to do the admin part first, then user part

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleDemo script pehle se practice: 5–7 min, Admin + User roles, saare mandatory features.
Suggested flow1) Register/login user
2) Admin login — CRUD
3) Approval/blacklist
4) Booking/apply + edge case
5) Search
6) Logout
Viva tipBolte-bolte dikhao. Code tab kholna jab poochhein.
2

told me include html tags in the movie descript

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleStore tags v-html XSS warn whitelist. Include HTML tags movie description.
Sanitize.
Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).
4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.
Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.
Project example: v-html description.
Project example: v-html description.
3
Then showed the codebase starting with 1.models 2.apis 3.celery tasks 4. Vue part

Times asked 2
Official solution

Simplemodels.py = har table ki class: columns, PK/FK, relationships. Yeh Model layer hai.
Suggested flow1) Classes list karo
2) Har table ka kaam 1 line
3) Relationships (1-M / M-M)
4) Constraints (unique, nullable)
Example
```
class Lot(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)
    spots = db.relationship('Spot', backref='lot', lazy=True)
```
4

How to index in sqlachemy

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
5

explain celery and celery beat

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
6
exception class in python

Times asked 1
Official solution

Simple:class object/array/string dynamic CSS.
Purpose dynamic class. Error red.
Directives Vue ke special attributes hain — HTML ko superpower: v-if/v-show, v-for, v-bind (:), v-on (@), v-model.
v-if DOM se hataata/jodta. v-show sirf CSS display. Rare/permission: v-if. Bar-bar toggle: v-show. v-model two-way form. v-bind one-way JS→attribute.
:key v-for pe zaroori warna Vue galat reuse. v-html XSS. Secret UI ke liye sirf v-if kaafi nahi — API 403 bhi.
MAD1 Jinja server HTML. MAD2 yeh directives browser mein reactive.
Example
```
<div :class="{ 'text-danger': error, 'fw-bold': important }">Msg</div>
```
Project example: :class="{ 'text-danger': error }"
7
diff b/w memcache and redis cache

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleRedis fridge pe sticky note hai — poori kitchen (database) kholne ki zarurat nahi.
Redis in-memory key-value store hai. Data RAM mein rehta hai, isliye disk wale SQLite/Postgres se kai guna tez.
MAD2 mein Redis do kaam karta hai:
1) Cache — same venue/show/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se mat nikaalo.
2) Celery message broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.
Source of truth database hi hai. Redis band ho to cache miss ho jaata hai aur Celery queue ruk sakti hai. Crash pe cache gayab ho sakta hai — isliye important data sirf Redis mein mat rakho.
Example
```
import redis
r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, db=0)
r.set('venues', json.dumps(data), ex=30)
print(r.get('venues'))
```
Project example: GET /api/venues pehle Redis dekho. Miss pe SQLAlchemy query, phir SET with timeout. Celery worker Redis list se daily reminder uthata hai.
Viva tipCache ke liye db=1, broker ke liye db=0 rakhna smart hai taaki keys mix na hon. Viva mein redis-cli ping → PONG dikhana strong hai.
8

what is caching

Times asked 3

Official solution

SimpleCache baar-baar DB/compute na karne ke liye result yaad rakhta hai.
Browser cache, Flask cache, Redis. Example: dashboard counts 30 sec Redis mein.
Cookies alag (client data). HTTP 304 Not Modified bhi cache related.
MAD1 mein optional. Scale poochhe to pehle indexes + cache, phir extra servers.
9
show me for-directive in vue code

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
10
what is filter in vue

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
11
is flask open source?

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleFlask lightweight Python web framework — routes, request/response, templates. MAD1 ka backend yahi hai.
Example
```
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return 'Hello'
```
Viva tipFlask micro hai: jo chahiye (DB, login, forms) khud jodte ho.
12
can u use flask for large applications?

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleFlask lightweight Python web framework — routes, request/response, templates. MAD1 ka backend yahi hai.
Example
```
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return 'Hello'
```
Viva tipFlask micro hai: jo chahiye (DB, login, forms) khud jodte ho.
13

how to shutdown celery task without terminal

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
14

what is memoization

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleMemoize = function(args) ka answer copy. Caching broader (HTTP, Redis, page).
Fibonacci textbook. Flask @cache.memoize. cached whole view.
Redis in-memory key-value store hai — fridge pe sticky note, poori kitchen (SQL database) har baar mat kholo.
MAD2 mein Redis do kaam: (1) cache — same venues/shows/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se nahi (2) Celery broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.
Flow: cache.get(key) → hit pe return, miss pe SQLAlchemy + SET with timeout. Admin write ke baad cache.delete, warna stale list.
Source of truth database hi hai. Redis crash/band = cache miss (app chalni chahiye) + queue ruk sakti hai. Important bookings sirf Redis mein mat rakho.
Alag: Redis ≠ Memcached (Celery broker nahi). Redis ≠ localStorage (woh browser). redis-cli ping → PONG viva proof.
Project example: get_user(id) memoize. venues list cached.
15

components of celery

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleClient (Flask .delay), Broker (Redis), Worker. Optional Beat + result backend.
Viva line'Flask produce, Redis transport, worker consume.'
include task modules, app context ke andar DB session. Windows pe eventlet/gevent issues — docs se command.
Celery Python ka distributed task queue — HTTP request ko 10s email/CSV ke liye mat rokna.
Flow: Flask .delay() → Redis broker → Worker execute. Beat alag process hai (clock): crontab padhke due time pe queue mein daalta hai. Beat khud mail nahi bhejta; Worker haath hai.
MAD2 typical: daily reminder (Beat), monthly report (Beat), user Export CSV (button, Beat nahi). JS async/await browser event loop hai, Celery server-side process — mix mat karo.
Demo: tin terminals — redis-server, celery worker, celery beat — plus Flask. MailHog :8025 inbox. Result backend se task SUCCESS poll optional.
Project example: create_app ke baad celery.conf.update. tasks import taaki register hon.
Viva tip
Viva line'Flask task produce karta hai, Redis transport, worker consume.'

See reviews Level2_100 MAD1 Level 2

Aug 14, 2026

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1
What all celery jobs have you done

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleCelery = background naukri. HTTP request ko 10 second email bhejne ke liye mat rokna.
Distributed task queue: aap function ko abhi nahi, worker process mein later/retry/schedule pe chalaate ho.
MAD2 typical jobs: daily reminder mail, monthly HTML report, user-triggered CSV export.
Web request 200ms hona chahiye. 10,000 emails request thread mein = timeout. Worker alag CPU pe kaam kare.
Redis broker chahiye. Beat alag process schedule ke liye.
Example
```
@celery.task
def daily_reminder():
    for u in User.query.filter_by(active=True):
        send_mail(u.email, 'Book something today!')
```
Project example: User Export click → 202 Accepted. Worker CSV + email. Daily 6pm Beat reminder.
Viva tipWorker + Redis bina Beat ke user-triggered chalega. Scheduled jobs ke liye Beat bhi chahiye.
2

What is caching

Times asked 4

Official solution

SimpleCache baar-baar DB/compute na karne ke liye result yaad rakhta hai.
Browser cache, Flask cache, Redis. Example: dashboard counts 30 sec Redis mein.
Cookies alag (client data). HTTP 304 Not Modified bhi cache related.
MAD1 mein optional. Scale poochhe to pehle indexes + cache, phir extra servers.
3
Questions on SQL like JOINS, Subquery, Aggregate functions, Group by, Having

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleJOIN related tables ek result mein. Inner = match only; left = left side sab + match.
Example
```
db.session.query(Booking, User).join(User).filter(User.id == uid).all()
```
4
Implement a feature to send an email to user whenever a new show is made.

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleSMTP + template + Celery. MailHog inbox dikhao, Gmail nahi chahiye.
Dynamic HTML user name. Live: schedule now.
Examiner 2 cheezein: simple desi line + tumhare project ki exact file.
Pehle ID, GitHub, portal ZIP. Phir run: Redis + Flask + worker + beat + Vue. Feature demo: login, RBAC, cache hit/miss, Celery mail, search.
Line pe ungli: input kahan, kaunsa check, query/cache/task, JSON/UI. Copilot band. Jo nahi kiya honestly bolo + kaise add karte.
Example
```
msg = Message(subject='Daily reminder', recipients=[user.email])
msg.html = render_template('reminder.html', user=user)
mail.send(msg)
```
Project example: reminder.html Jinja. tasks send_mail.
Viva tipLive demo ke liye Celery beat crontab current time pe set karo, worker + beat dono chalu rakho.
5
What other things are you doing besides this degree? Why are you doing this degree?

Times asked 2
Official solution

Simple30 second: naam, degree, project kya hai, stack (Flask + Jinja + SQLAlchemy + SQLite).
Example
```
Main Priya, IITM BS. MAD1 mein parking/ticket app — Flask backend, Jinja templates, session login, SQLite.
```
6

Questions on frontend like what type of styling have you used?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleMAD1 frontend usually Jinja templates + HTML/CSS/Bootstrap (+ thoda JS). MAD2 pe Vue ho to clearly bolo.
7

Suggestions in the app and some more talking... Supportive and chill proctor

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleViva wrap-up hai. Short thanks + confirm submission ZIP latest hai.

See reviews Level2_98 MAD1 Level 2

Aug 14, 2026

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1

what is : on delete cascade ,

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleCascade parent ke saath child pe automatic action (generally delete).
Company delete → uski drives bhi delete, warna orphan rows / FK error.
SQLAlchemy: db.relationship('Drive', cascade='all, delete-orphan', backref='company')
SQL: ForeignKey(..., ondelete='CASCADE')
Cascade sirf delete nahi: save-update, merge, refresh-expire, expunge, delete-orphan.
Cascade Update: parent PK change to child FK update (rare, PK mat badlo).
Parent delete jab children active hon: constraint error, ya cascade se children gayab, ya pehle children handle karo — design choice examiner poochta hai.
CSS cascading alag topic hai (styles inherit/override).
2

in network tab of inspect after logging in, in the payload section : password was visible, question was how to hide that ?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleNetwork tab mein password dikhna HTTPS pe encrypted transit hai, DevTools local dikhata hai. Kabhi query string mein password mat bhejo — POST body. Production HTTPS mandatory.
3
how to implement template inheritance functionality (MAD1) in Vue? [question was in context of displaying Navbar on everypage]

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleBase template pe navbar/footer, child pages {% extends %} + {% block %} se content bharte hain. DRY.
Example
```
{# base.html #}
{% block content %}{% endblock %}

{# home.html #}
{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
  <h1>Home</h1>
{% endblock %}
```

See reviews Level2_101 MAD1 Level 2

Aug 14, 2026

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1

Components of celery

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleClient (Flask .delay), Broker (Redis), Worker. Optional Beat + result backend.
Viva line'Flask produce, Redis transport, worker consume.'
include task modules, app context ke andar DB session. Windows pe eventlet/gevent issues — docs se command.
Celery Python ka distributed task queue — HTTP request ko 10s email/CSV ke liye mat rokna.
Flow: Flask .delay() → Redis broker → Worker execute. Beat alag process hai (clock): crontab padhke due time pe queue mein daalta hai. Beat khud mail nahi bhejta; Worker haath hai.
MAD2 typical: daily reminder (Beat), monthly report (Beat), user Export CSV (button, Beat nahi). JS async/await browser event loop hai, Celery server-side process — mix mat karo.
Demo: tin terminals — redis-server, celery worker, celery beat — plus Flask. MailHog :8025 inbox. Result backend se task SUCCESS poll optional.
Project example: create_app ke baad celery.conf.update. tasks import taaki register hon.
Viva tip
Viva line'Flask task produce karta hai, Redis transport, worker consume.'
2
What is dataclass

Times asked 1
Official solution

Simple:class object/array/string dynamic CSS.
Purpose dynamic class. Error red.
Directives Vue ke special attributes hain — HTML ko superpower: v-if/v-show, v-for, v-bind (:), v-on (@), v-model.
v-if DOM se hataata/jodta. v-show sirf CSS display. Rare/permission: v-if. Bar-bar toggle: v-show. v-model two-way form. v-bind one-way JS→attribute.
:key v-for pe zaroori warna Vue galat reuse. v-html XSS. Secret UI ke liye sirf v-if kaafi nahi — API 403 bhi.
MAD1 Jinja server HTML. MAD2 yeh directives browser mein reactive.
Example
```
<div :class="{ 'text-danger': error, 'fw-bold': important }">Msg</div>
```
Project example: :class="{ 'text-danger': error }"

See reviews Level2_101 MAD1 Level 2

Aug 14, 2026

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1

Different btw memcached and redis cache

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleDono RAM cache. Redis zyada smart: lists, hashes, pub/sub, persistence, Celery broker.
Memcached: simple key-value, yahi. Redis: data structures + expire + optional disk dump.
MAD2 Redis choose — cache aur broker ek hi process. Memcached Celery nahi chalaata.
Redis in-memory key-value store hai — fridge pe sticky note, poori kitchen (SQL database) har baar mat kholo.
MAD2 mein Redis do kaam: (1) cache — same venues/shows/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se nahi (2) Celery broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.
Flow: cache.get(key) → hit pe return, miss pe SQLAlchemy + SET with timeout. Admin write ke baad cache.delete, warna stale list.
Source of truth database hi hai. Redis crash/band = cache miss (app chalni chahiye) + queue ruk sakti hai. Important bookings sirf Redis mein mat rakho.
Alag: Redis ≠ Memcached (Celery broker nahi). Redis ≠ localStorage (woh browser). redis-cli ping → PONG viva proof.
Project example: Tumhare config mein CACHE_TYPE RedisCache, CELERY broker redis://. Memcached nahi.
Viva tipMAD2 mein Redis isliye — cache + broker ek hi tool. Memcached Celery nahi chalaata.
2
What are slots

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleSlots = dabbe ke andar parent apna HTML daal de. Props data, slots markup.
Default slot, named slots. App.vue router-view layout jaisa outlet.
Agar nahi use kiya: 'layout router-view se kiya' valid.
Component = reusable UI block (Navbar, Card). Props parent→child data, emit child→parent event. Slots parent HTML inner content.
computed cache + reactive derive (filtered list). watch side-effect (query change pe API). methods events. ref() primitive, reactive() object. Vuex/Pinia global store; localStorage persist, store nahi.
SFC: template + script + style ek .vue file. Parent-child exam favourite: list parent, row child :item + @delete.
Example
```
<div class="card"><slot>Default</slot></div>
<Card><p>Custom body</p></Card>
```
Project example: Card.vue <slot>Default</slot>. Parent custom body.
3
How to index in sqlalchemy

Times asked 1
Official solution

SimpleSQLAlchemy MAD1 ka common ORM. Flask-SQLAlchemy wrapper se db.Model, db.session.
Example
```
user = User(email='a@b.com')
db.session.add(user)
db.session.commit()
users = User.query.filter_by(role='admin').all()
```

See reviews Level3_41 MAD1 Level 3

Aug 14, 2026

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1
What are vue lifecycles and which all you used?

Times asked 4
Official solution

SimpleLifecycle = component ki zindagi ke stages. API call tab jab DOM ready ho — mounted.
created: instance bani, this data, DOM nahi. mounted/onMounted: page pe aa gaya — fetch, Chart.js, setInterval.
updated: data change ke baad. unmounted: cleanup (clearInterval) warna memory leak.
Dashboards onMounted isliye: canvas/API tab valid. created mein $el nahi.
Composition: onMounted(() => {}) setup ke andar.
Example
```
export default {
  async mounted() {
    const r = await fetch('/api/venues')
    this.venues = await r.json()
  }
}
```
Project example: Venues.vue mounted fetch list. Clock component unmounted pe interval clear.
Viva tipcreated: data setup, DOM nahi. mounted/onMounted: $el mil gaya — fetch yahi. Dashboards isliye onMounted use karti hain.
2

Explain how 'watch' works in vue and where you used it.

Times asked 1

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
3
If you want to change the database from sqlite to any other, what all changes should be made in the code?

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleSQLite file-based DB — setup easy, MAD1 ke liye perfect. Production heavy traffic pe Postgres better.
Example
```
SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = 'sqlite:///app.db'
```
4
What is the need of virtual environment?

Times asked 3
Official solution

SimpleVirtualenv isolated Python env — project deps system Python ko nahi bigaadte.
Example
```
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
```

See reviews UNKNOWN MAD1 Level 1

Aug 14, 2026

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1
What is vue?

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleVue = UI ka smart assistant. Data badlo, screen khud update. MAD1 Jinja har click pe naya HTML.
Progressive frontend framework. Components, reactivity, directives.
MAD2 SPA: ek index.html, Vue Router pages, Flask sirf JSON.
Fayde: easy, SFC, docs. Vs React: templates HTML-like, course sikhata hai. Vs plain JS: baar-baar DOM mat chhedo.
Example
```

<template>
  <h1>{{ msg }}</h1>
</template>
<script>
export default { data() { return { msg: 'Hello' } } }
</script>
```
Project example: Navbar.vue + views (Login, Dashboard). data() / setup() reactive. fetch APIs.
Viva tipFayde: easy, SFC, reactivity. Vs React: chhota learning curve. Vs plain JS: UI state auto-update.
2

What is a reactive framework?

Times asked 4

Official solution

SimpleReactive: data change → UI auto. Vue/React. jQuery manual.
Why Vue. Lose reactivity Vue2 new field. Vue3 proxy better.
Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).
4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.
Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.
Project example: Change data, list updates.
3

What is memoization?

Times asked 4

Official solution

SimpleMemoize = function(args) ka answer copy. Caching broader (HTTP, Redis, page).
Fibonacci textbook. Flask @cache.memoize. cached whole view.
Redis in-memory key-value store hai — fridge pe sticky note, poori kitchen (SQL database) har baar mat kholo.
MAD2 mein Redis do kaam: (1) cache — same venues/shows/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se nahi (2) Celery broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.
Flow: cache.get(key) → hit pe return, miss pe SQLAlchemy + SET with timeout. Admin write ke baad cache.delete, warna stale list.
Source of truth database hi hai. Redis crash/band = cache miss (app chalni chahiye) + queue ruk sakti hai. Important bookings sirf Redis mein mat rakho.
Alag: Redis ≠ Memcached (Celery broker nahi). Redis ≠ localStorage (woh browser). redis-cli ping → PONG viva proof.
Project example: get_user(id) memoize. venues list cached.
4

What is a rainbow table?

Times asked 3

Official solution

SimplePrecomputed hash→password tables. Unique salt per user se useless. Slow hash.
Why hashing + salt viva combo.
Pehle 1-line definition, phir related MAD2 layer (Vue SFC / Flask route / models.py / tasks.py / Redis).
4-line formula: input kahan se aaya, auth/validation kaunsa, DB ya cache ya Celery, kya return.
Related mix mat karo — cache ≠ Celery, authentication ≠ authorization, v-if ≠ v-show, Beat ≠ Worker. Follow-up ke liye ek difference ready rakho.
Project example: Werkzeug salts included in hash string.
5

What is a v-cloak?

Times asked 2

Official solution

Simplev-cloak Vue compile hone tak raw {{ }} hide karta hai. CSS: [v-cloak] { display: none; }
6

how can you access the server without using browser and url?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleCode explain formula: input kya aaya → auth/validation → DB change → response/UI.
Viva tipFunction signature + 3-4 important lines + edge case.
7

difference between memoization and caching.

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleMemoize args-aware. cached view/URL. Prefixes differ.
Same Redis. Different key recipe.
Redis in-memory key-value store hai — fridge pe sticky note, poori kitchen (SQL database) har baar mat kholo.
MAD2 mein Redis do kaam: (1) cache — same venues/shows/dashboard JSON baar-baar DB se nahi (2) Celery broker — Flask task queue mein daalta hai, worker uthata hai.
Flow: cache.get(key) → hit pe return, miss pe SQLAlchemy + SET with timeout. Admin write ke baad cache.delete, warna stale list.
Source of truth database hi hai. Redis crash/band = cache miss (app chalni chahiye) + queue ruk sakti hai. Important bookings sirf Redis mein mat rakho.
Alag: Redis ≠ Memcached (Celery broker nahi). Redis ≠ localStorage (woh browser). redis-cli ping → PONG viva proof.
Project example: Two decorators two files explain.
8

What is celery?

Times asked 6

Official solution

SimpleCelery background tasks (email, CSV, reports) async chalaata hai. Redis broker/queue + cache.
User 'Export' click → Celery task queue → Redis message → worker CSV banaata hai → user baad mein download.
Saath isliye: Celery ko broker chahiye, Redis tez in-memory. MAD2 topic zyada, MAD1 mein optional.
Priority: task queues/routing. Caching: Redis mein key-value, DB hits kam.
Pub/Sub: publisher channel pe message, subscribers sunte hain — Redis yeh bhi karta hai.
9
What was the default hashing algorithm in mad1?

Times asked 3
Official solution

SimpleMAD1 mein common: Werkzeug generate_password_hash — default usually pbkdf2:sha256. Apna code dikhao.
Example
```
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash
print(generate_password_hash('secret'))  # pbkdf2:sha256:...
```
10
What is sha26? Can it be decrypted back? How many hashing algorithms do you know?

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimpleMAD1 mein common: Werkzeug generate_password_hash — default usually pbkdf2:sha256. Apna code dikhao.
Example
```
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash
print(generate_password_hash('secret'))  # pbkdf2:sha256:...
```
11

What is ajax?

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleAJAX page reload ke bina server se data laata hai. Aaj kal fetch() + Promises.
fetch('/api/users').then(r => r.json()).then(data => { ... })
Promise: future value (pending/fulfilled/rejected). fetch Promise return karta hai.
SPA (Vue): ek HTML, baaki routes JS se, partial update. MAD1 generally full page render (Jinja) — submit pe poora refresh.
async/await Promise ka clean syntax.
12
a few questions about the export deck like why didn't I implement that the user can choose where to download the csv file?

Times asked 2
Official solution

SimplePehle 1-line definition, phir apne MAD1 project mein file dikhao, phir chhota example.
Suggested flow1) Concept kya hai?
2) Mere code mein kahan?
3) Example / demo
4) Edge case
Example
```
# related file: models.py / routes / template
# formula: request → check/auth → DB → render/redirect
```
Viva tipExact line yaad nahi to honestly related part dikhao. Bluff mat karo.
13
Where did you implement caching?

Times asked 4
Official solution

SimpleCache = pehli baar hisaab karke copy rakh lo, doosri baar copy dikha do.
Baar-baar same expensive kaam (DB query, counting bookings) mat karo. Result Redis jaise store mein timeout ke saath rakh do.
Cache hit: key mil gayi, DB skip. Cache miss: DB se lao, SET karo, return karo.
Tradeoff: speed vs stale data. Admin naya venue add kare aur cache 50s ka ho to user purani list dekh sakta hai — isliye write pe invalidation zaroori hai.
Browser cache, Flask-Caching, Redis alag layers hain. MAD2 examiner Redis + @cache.cached code dekhta hai.
Example
```
@cache.cached(timeout=50, query_string=True)
@app.route('/api/shows')
def shows():
    return jsonify([s.serialize() for s in Show.query.all()])
```
Project example: Admin dashboard counts / venues list cache. Create/update/delete ke baad cache.delete('venues').
Viva tipprint('DB queried') function ke andar laga ke miss/hit demo karo — hit pe print nahi chalega.
14

improvement in both implementation and code from mad1 to mad2 project

Times asked 2

Official solution

SimpleImprove ideas: caching, better validation, tests, pagination, email reminders, accessibility, mobile UI, logging.
Viva tip1-2 concrete features bolo jo time milne pe add karte — vague 'AI' mat.

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